Sometimes there is a need to retire and be one on one with nature. I want to live away from civilization as you used to live in the ancestors - in dugouts. Build environmentally friendly housing - dugout, everyone can.
Content
What is earthlock? This is a dwelling underground. Squares are of different shapes, but most popular square or round buildings are popular. You can construct your own dugout with your own hands any shape and sizes.
The reasons for the construction of the earthquake can be several: perhaps you just recently acquired the country area and took up the construction of the house. Temporary housing, namely, the dugout can be constructed independently, and then use as a cellar. Also, the dugout can be made in the forest, not far from the city to relax in nature. Dugouts are helping and hunters who love winter hunting.
Many people think that the dugout - a small room, which is always cold and damp. Naturally, it is not suitable for habitation. But, if done correctly, in such a room is not hot in the summer, and in winter you can hide from the cold. The advantage of the dugout, built with his own hands, is a big saving on building materials, because it is not necessary to carry out the external finishes. The dugout is hidden from prying eyes, so the inside will always be a comfortable temperature. If you build a lighted room, then the construction of the dugout you can safely select from several days to a week.
Choosing a place for the construction of the dugout
The first thing to decide on the venue for the building. , The place should be chosen very carefully so that the room was not cold and damp. As our ancestors did. They stir the structure on a small hill, and place of the sign (the door), are arranged so that the wind was blowing in the opposite direction. Why choose hilly terrain? The fact is that over time dugout could be flooded by groundwater, and if it is on a hill, then the probability of flooding is minimized.
In addition, prior to construction is necessary to prepare all the necessary tools to do the layout and dug with their hands.
Tools and materials for the construction of the dugout
What need of the materials:
- material for the roof and the floor coanda. For example, roofing, solid polyethylene;
- it is also desirable to prepare bars, boards, pressed board (DSP);
- not prevent insulation and whole board flooring on the floor;
- need more Lutkov door and window frame.
In addition to the materials you need to stock up on fixing materials, as well as prepare all the necessary tools:
- staples, nails - if you work a stapler;
- shovel (shovels);
- construction level;
- hammer and planer, and other carpentry tools (drill, chisel, saw, etc.);
- a ruler, crayon, sharp knife construction;
- axe.
Building a hut with his own hands
According to the construction technology, it is necessary to begin with digging a pit. But first you need to mark up the selected area. The markup will allow not to be mistaken with measurements and do everything as indicated in the drawing. If you planned to dug a rectangular pit or in the form of a square, then you need to stick to exact sizes. First you need to drive wooden pegs and measure the diagonal of each side. Between wooden carriages you need to stretch the rope. After preparatory work, you can proceed to the most important thing - you need to dug yourself without care.
How to cut the pit for the construction of dusts:
- It is removed by hand with the help of a shovel of the upper layer of the Earth - Dern.
- Dern needs to be removed very carefully, trying not to damage it.
- Fold the derm in a separate place, because this natural material will be used to insulate the roof of the dust.
- You can and alone cope with the task if you do everything right. It is more convenient to operate with a bayonet shovel, first shifting the earth, and then Sovicova - to throw out an excessive earth from the pit.
- Try the land to throw half the meter from the pit to free the space to create the roof.
- The depth of the pit - at the discretion. Normally it should not be lower than the height of a man. Therefore, it is necessary to dug a cutting to a depth of 2 m, plus the floor height.
- With the help of the shovel, you need to form a vertical slope and make a gentle descent to the entrance to the room.
- Also, you will have to designate the steps, the width of each step should be at least 30 cm. The number of steps depends on the depth of the dugout and location.
Construction of a modern dugout with their own hands:
- so that the dugout served long lines, it is necessary to strengthen the boiler with wooden bars (size 50 to 50, and can be 100 per 100);
- the bars need to be inserted into the ground, leave the gap between the wall and the bars in order to lay the boards. Therefore, leave space not large, on the width of the board;
- planks to launch tightly to each other on the wedges;
- in the middle of the pit it is necessary to insert the supporting wooden poles. From the side of the observer it will seem that the construction of the arbor is underway, since the framework of the structure is very similar;
- and bars around the perimeter, and the support bars must perform above the ground for a height of 2 m 20 cm;
- support should be placed at a distance of not less than 1.5 meters, because they will then be fixed roof. Therefore, at this stage of construction of a modern dugout, you must constantly check the level of support, so that they are aligned;
- guide boards nailed run.
The design of roof system is as follows:
The next stage of construction of the dugout with his hands - this is the construction of the roof, as well as the inner workings:
- for rafters is necessary to dig around the perimeter of the excavated pit support beam;
- shoring-up - with the help of pegs, which are necessary to drive in the middle and on the edge of each side of the log. Step - 50 cm;
- laying the rafters, it is necessary to take into account the dimensions of the door frame;
- when the rafters are installed, you can begin to frame sheathing boards;
- boards can be nailed on the nails so that they are located as close as possible to one another;
- the only thing to consider - this is what the bottom board will be difficult to fix, if you start from the top frame cladding. Then the last board will not fit in the remaining opening. If you start from the bottom casing, then fit the top of the board to make it easier;
- the next stage after the cladding boards of the frame - a ventilation output. If you want to install the stove in the hut, then it is necessary to bring two pipes. Suitable for sewer pipes with a diameter of 10 cm;
- stacking an insulating material. If selected roofing material, it is necessary to put the material along the first, then across, and down on the roof to pour turf (which was cut when digging trenches), pour the dry firewood and pritrusit ground. If you can not immediately cover the roof with roofing material, it is suitable for these purposes dense polyethylene, it creates a greenhouse effect, as well as excellent ground dries inside the building;
- interior decoration - is sheathed clapboard hut allowed paneling chipboard sheets. If possible, it is possible to insulate the room from the inside of the foam sheet, which should be routed between the skin: the external and internal;
- that touches the floor, then you can leave the ground, and best of all - put boards or sheets of chipboard.
How to make the stove in the dugout with his hands
As for the stove to heat the dugout, then fit the standard "stove" just have to think in advance about the wood, as well as how to avoid getting moisture in the storage area for firewood.
The furnace must be chosen depending on the size of the room and take into account the heat of the device.
Category furnaces for heating dugouts:
- Small capacity.
- Average capacity.
- A large heat capacity.
Furnaces first category may be made of cast iron, as a cheaper option - iron. Such stoves quickly and in a short time heated the room, but quickly cooled, if the fuel in the tank over.
Second, the average capacity of the furnace for heating huts, constructing on site of stone or brick. Warming oven so slowly, but also cools slowly.
The latter option furnaces - the average heat capacity, the heating medium and the average heat transfer coefficient is the same. But dugouts they are not suitable, because it is used for heating the premises of the organization, cast iron or iron, portable oven. Possible second option, especially if the dugout built for frequent visits. Then, it is more expedient to put a brick oven high heat capacity.
In order to install the stove in the dugout with his hands, it is necessary to determine the type of oven and arrange ventilation for air flow into the room.
How to make a simple hut with their hands
Build dugout possible and without significant costs as previously built similar structures our ancestors. To do this, choose the right place for the dugout. And if your goal is a hunting lodge for temporary stay in the forest, you should choose a spacious place on a hill to avoid the felling of trees.
Since the dugout - a hidden structure from the public eye, most of the temporary housing should be located under the ground. The walls inside the room is desirable or sheathe logs lay thick branches. Inside you can put in the middle of the stone fireplace, and arrange ventilation and conclude the pipe out. In an exhaust hole will serve as the front door. When heating company inside room door must be kept ajar (if there is no ventilation pipes).
Deficiencies in these dugouts well:
- a constant dampness indoors, especially if rare to go and see;
- because of the dampness and stagnant air, quickly rot the frame and the wall, which is why over time the construction could collapse;
- crude ground - a bad option for the construction of the dugout. Therefore, it is important to choose a neat mound, located on the sunny side. In this place the soil is always dry. If you implement all the recommendations, it is possible to avoid the dampness in the room;
- during the cold season, if you do not ventilate and heat the room, the wood starts to rot, fungus appears. Protect the room from the humidity can be as follows: coat the inside walls of clay or sand + clay solution. The floors are also poured clay laid joists and top stele wooden boards;
- review of such premises is considerably limited and will depend on the selected area;
- flooding groundwater;
- the minimum level of ambient light (only when the door is open in the warmer months), and the presence of windows.
Benefits construction of dugouts
If you are still unsure whether or not to build a hut, we suggest to familiarize with the advantages of this type of premises:
- Saving energy costs. It is known that the thermal conductivity in the thickness of the low land, however if properly provide space heating, within the pit will remain stable temperature. This suggests that we can expect the temperature of the room in the summer is not above 18 degrees, and in the winter - not less than 8.
- Good sound insulation. Build dugout allowed and close to the motorways and other busy places. You can not worry about what you're being heard - sound in the dugout on the condition that the door is firmly closed - is reduced to a minimum.
- Saving on building materials and time-saving to build a house. All this can be avoided if competently approach to the construction of the dugout with his hands.
Features of the construction of the dugout, you can clearly see in this footage:
