Closed veranda do it yourself

The veranda is a traditional element of a country house. If earlier it was considered as a small extension that performs the role of the corridor or the utility room, then modern verandas perform much more functions. They can be used as summer canteens, winter gardens or places to relax.

Types of veranda

Constructive verandas are divided into 2 types:

1. Open. Some are supports installed on the foundation base for which the roof is attached. Close the verandas only up to half a small flanging.
2. Closed. Different from the first type only by the fact that they have completely closed walls. A window frames are installed in the gap between the flange and roof. Such an extension with careful insulation can serve even as a dwelling. A closed veranda can serve as a kind of buffer between the street and the main premises. Thanks to her, the temperature in the house will be several degrees above, even if there is no heating.

About how to make a closed veranda with your own hands - Next.

Preparation of work

The initial stage of the construction of the veranda should be the design. The complexity of this segment of work is that the veranda will be built separately from the whole house. When the construction is built comprehensively, it is much easier to withstand harmony between them. In the same case, you need to try so that the veranda looks like a single whole. From a technical point of view, the complexity lies in the linking of the structural elements of the extension: foundation, walls, roofs.

When planning the construction of an extension, it is necessary to remember one important aspect - documentary inspection. The construction of even a small open-type extension is nothing but a change in the design of the house, which should be witnessed in the technical passport of the house. Otherwise, any operations with this property, namely, donation, sale, exchange - will be impossible. In order to legitimize the construction, you need to contact the design organization for the preparation of the project. Projects of closed veranda are made by the sketches of the customer and on the basis of the vehicle of the house. You can provide them with a photo of a closed veranda, which you would like, it will be a great starting point in the design.

Next, with the finished project, it is necessary to obtain coordination to work. To do this, the registration organization serves:

• project,
• statement,
• real estate documents
• documents owner.

Only after receiving the development permit can be processed to work. Even when drawing up a project by specialists, all work on the construction of the veranda can be performed personally.

When developing a project for a closed veranda to the house, it is necessary to make a construction estimate. Make it need for planning and procurement of materials. It is better to buy everything right away. First, it will save time, especially if the construction is conducted in rural areas, and secondly, financial resources will save, because construction materials sellers usually provide a big order discount.

Fundament device

As a rule, the veranda base device uses simple columnar structures from concrete and bricks. Their advantage is that they are not expensive in construction and rather reliable. The disadvantages include their openness. After all, the constant influx of cold air will cause the cooled of the floors in the room, and will switch to "no" all attempts to dig it. Without a reliable and expensive insulation of the floor, in the veranda on the column foundation in the winter it will be simply impossible to live. Therefore, it is best suited if the room is planned to be used only in the warm season.

For a winter garden or a "warm" veranda, a ribbon foundation is the most suitable option. After it is erected, the entire volume of trenches is filled with clay and clay, which significantly reduces heat loss through the floor.

The order of works on the arrangement of the foundation:

1. The device of a column foundation of a closed veranda to the house begins with marking. The number of columns depends on the size of the structure. The distance between them should be no more than 2 m. This will allow the floor to reliably withstand any loads. Mandatory is the presence of columns in the corners of the building.
2. In the places marked under the posts, the pits of the required size of at least 1 m are digging. At the bottom of each of them, a gravel-sand pillow is stacked, which is thoroughly tamped.
3. Then the layer of waterproofing is placed. It is better to use the rubberoid for it.
4. The next step in the pit is poured by a layer of concrete with a thickness of 15-20 cm. After cooled of the solution, the concrete surface is aligned and laid waterproofing.
5. The final stage is performed by a brickwork, thanks to which the pillar's height is achieved by the desired parameters.
6. The height of the foundation pillars is calculated in such a way that the field floor level is approximately 30 cm below than the main building. In this case, with the same height of the room, it will be possible to achieve the desired corner of the roof of the roof.

Arrangement of carcass

The frame is constructed from a rounded log with a diameter of at least 120 mm or a bar with a cross-sectional size of at least 150x150 mm. Of them make upper and lower strapping, as well as vertical racks. The connection of structural elements occurs with the help of the "direct" lock. For a beginner builder, never had a tree, such a castle will not be wisdom. It is made quite simple:

1. It is necessary to measure from the end of the segment of the bar, which is equal to its width. It turns out a small square.
2. Then, the line is drawn by a hacksaw the slots depth equal to half the beam thickness.
3. With end with an ax repel half timber and obtain a groove.
4. At the end of another timber do the same groove. Combine them in such a way that the groove falls on a pillar of the foundation.
5. Strapping anchoring compound on the pole by means of the anchor bolt.

The further procedure of works on the construction of the frame:

1. When installing the sill cut slots for sexual lag. If the width of the porch is not too large, the lag is attached to the base of the house and bars sill. If the width is large, they should be laid on extra foundation pillars.
2. When installing the piping necessary to protect the wood from moisture. The binding site of contact with the concrete of the foundation brick pillar necessarily fit ruberoid gasket.
3. When installing the uprights is absolutely necessary to align them on a level so as not to have problems with the installation of the roof.
4. All frame members are joined by bolts. Fasteners better to take the stainless steel, so corrosion can be avoided.

Building a covered veranda. Installation of the roof and walls

Since the construction of the porch are usually used is not too powerful frame, the weight of its walls and roof should be the lowest possible in order not to cause additional stress on the foundation. So, for the walls using battens or edged boards. When installing each of these materials has its own stacking technology. Battens nailed to the castle, tightly fitting strips to each other. Boards are fixed overlap, so as to avoid large gaps between them.

On the inner side wall layer of insulation is placed. As a final best to use mineral wool. This material has low thermal conductivity, low hygroscopicity, and is fireproof. On the outside wall of the room can be finished with laminated hardboard.

The order of work on the construction of the roof:

1. Installation of the roof starts with installing the rafters. They are fixed to the upper stud. The angle of inclination of the rafters must ensure normal precipitation converging with the roof surface.
2. Once the rafters are installed, they are stacked plank lathing.
3. When choosing a roofing material, it is necessary to take into account than the main construction is covered. So that the whole house looked harmoniously, usually the veranda is covered with the same material as the roof of the house. The most reliable and relatively inexpensive material is slate. When it is laying it is necessary to take into account the angle of inclination of the roof. What he is less, the greater the width should be a mustache.
4. Quite often, the roof of the veranda is made from Ruberoid. The advantage of this material is the simplicity of its installation. Due to low weight, it is easily fit and does not create an additional load on the carrying structure. For laying the rubberoid, the boarded flooring is mounted very tight to minimize the gaps.
5. Then the regularnel cannon rolls the mustache necessarily vertically. The backstage must be at least 15 cm. The rubberoid layers are attached with galvanized nails, after which the joints are additionally pressed with wooden planks.

Installing windows

The windows in a closed veranda are a necessary element. To improve the preservation of heat in the room, it is better to mount metal-plastic glass windows. The advantage of such systems is that the hollow profile from which the windows frame is made has a low thermal conductivity, which favorably affects heat loss. In addition, metal-plastic windows are equipped with 2 and 3 chamber windows, which are similarly missed the heat.

When mounting the window, it is necessary to take into account the properties of a wooden frame. It can expand when absorbing moisture. Therefore, the window is installed with a technological gap. Otherwise, it simply turns it.

Installing the window to the frame is performed using anchor bolts. The gap between the frame and the window is filled with the mounting foam.

Flooring

The most optimal option for the veranda is closed is a flooring of a 20 mm thick, a thickness of 30 mm and a width of up to 120 mm. The board is stacked on lags with a gasket from the heat-insulating material. Before the flooring, each of the boards is carefully treated with an antiseptic and oil. After laying - open with varnish or color.

Interior of closed veranda: photo

An extension of the closed veranda to the house: video