A person needs water for life and necessarily clean. To always get high -quality drinking water, one boiling is not enough. The best solution is the installation of cleaning devices for water. Popular filters that qualitatively cleanse tap and well water are carbon filters for water purification.
Content
Why a coal filter? Since ancient times, people have tried to clear water from small impurities, garbage and silt in different ways. The most effective was the way to purify water using wood coal. Modern installations work according to the same principle, only inside the flask there are not pieces of charcoal, but crushed activated charcoal.
How the water is cleaned
Pressed coal is in the filter, along with crushed coal and other materials. Due to the fact that in the coal filter there is enough pores, the device gently and effectively cleanses the incoming water from pollution. If you study in more detail the principle of water purification with a coal filter, it becomes clear that the cleaning device is equipped with large and small pores. The former are able to detain large particles, and the latter do not allow the smallest molecules to go through the filter.
To verify the effectiveness of the filter, we pay attention to the iodine index and the hardness of the substance. If hardness is not enough, then the smallest carbon particles will seep into the water and get into our body with pure water.
The main task of the filters is to clean water from impurities, remove dirt, fight rust (along with water enters the tanks), and clean the water from extraneous smells, remove an unpleasant taste. And this is not all, because the coal filter is able to delay living microorganisms.
Unfortunately, filters cannot completely clean the water from pathogenic bacteria, remove radioactivity, salt and reduce the concentration of metals. For these purposes, it is necessary to use additional stations and devices.
The scope of cleaning filters
The coal filter for water is used in everyday life, less often-in industry due to large volumes of water consumed.
A common form of release is in cartridges. This is a small multi -layer block, in which there are several layers of mesh material (different densities) and activated carbon. The grid retains large particles of garbage and rust. Such filters are suitable for home use. In industry, it is impractical to install filters due to low efficiency. For large enterprises, magnetic or electromagnetic filters with a reliable metal case are used. Such devices are installed in drainage systems.
Timely replacement of the filter
Not all consumers understand why it is necessary to change cleansing filters. If we consider a separately flowing coal filter for water, then we can conclude that in a few months (it depends on the amount of water consumed) the cartridge will need to be replaced with a new one. As soon as the water passes through the coal filter, it is cleaned. Small particles and other contaminants accumulate on the grid inside the cleaning device. As a result, if you do not change the filter for a long time, then these deposits will gradually seep into the water. And, finally, the most important thing is when there are a lot of deposits and there is no place for them, they break through the filter and enter the tank for purified water. The quality of such a liquid remains in doubt, the water will be even more contaminated than the water supply. Therefore, it is so important to change the cartridge in a timely manner.
On average, the life of a coal filter is 2-3 months, but each cleaning device can have its own service life. Therefore, if you buy a filter in the store, you will receive a seller’s consultation. Water quality and the amount of consumption affect the timing of coal filters. The only thing that can be advised is to change the filter in a timely manner or with a little late in a few days.
To make it clear, we give the following example: you purchased a coal filter with resin and silver in the store. It is designed for 450 liters of water (to the maximum), which is approximately 1.5-2 months of use. After 2 months, the filter cartridge must be replaced.
Installation of a coal filter
You can install a coal filter yourself if you familiarize yourself with these recommendations:
- You bought a compact filter in the form of a jug in the store. How to insert the filter correctly, you can find out from the instructions. Look at this image. You see how the filter works. First you need to free the cartridge from the package. Then raise the receiving compartment or funnel and screw the cleanser into it. Then it is necessary to insert the receiving funnel with the cartridge into the second compartment. Everything, you can check how the filter works. In order to receive purified water, you need to pass water through the filter several times. During this time, the filter will pass the degree of cleaning. Pour water from the tap into the tank and close the lid. Wait for the water to be filtered. Pour clean water through the hole (in the figure is indicated by the number 5). Repeat the actions several times, after which you can drink water. Make sure that the cassette is constantly in the water.
- If everything is clear with the installation of a simple cleansing filter, then putting a charcoal filter on the crane will be slightly more difficult. You bought a filter that needs to be planted on a tap crane. It is necessary to immediately decide which thread in the tap: internal or outer. If ordinary, then this facilitates the task. In the kit, along with the filter, there is a spare cartridge. You need to assemble the filter and fasten it to the cranes.
- The filter is inserted to the sink. This is a single -stage coal filter, which must not only be assembled correctly, but also connected. To receive clean water, you need to install the filter itself next to the sink and connect it to the mixer using an adapter (this is a divertor). It will constantly be connected to the filter and is ready to work at any time of the day. The adapter switches the water in 2 directions: the water is drained into the sink or passes through the filter (passing through a separate hose) and enters the receiving reservoir. If you purchase a model without a saboteur, then you will have to constantly connect the nozzle to the pipe when you need to filter water. If you have an old mixer installed, it is enough to just put the tube on the crane and fix the rubberized washer. If you have a modern filter, then an additional adapter may be needed.
Filter device:
Connection scheme:
- Installation of a trunk filter for water for a sink. You need to install a stationary filter under the sink and remove a separate crane onto the sink to release purified water. Coal filters can be 2, 3 and 4 steps. Pay attention to this scheme to understand the principle of devices and the operation of a coal filter.
Now let's dwell in more detail and together we will install the filter:
- First you need to prepare everything you need, discuss with all family members in which place it is better to put the filter and try it in a niche under the sink: whether it fit well there and whether it will be convenient to replace cartridges. If everything is in order, you can start preparation.
- You will need a tape to seal joints and tools.
- We outline a place for a new crane and calculate the length of the hose for drinking water.
- Attention! It is important to block water before work.
- Do not confuse: the crane overlapping water must be put in front of the filter!
- Install the tap for clean water and draw hoses to the filter.
- Now you can block water and drain the remains. Disconnect the hoses and attach the adapter to the pipe mounting at the water supply site.
- The hose (reinforced) can be put in place.
- Set the overlapping crane.
- After that, you can assemble the filter if you bought it disassembled. The delivery set has everything you need. Check the presence of plugs and stoppers, they can be removed.
- Inside the main case there are filters, you need to connect a crane and a filter with an adapter using a hose. At the output, connect the tap for clean water.
- That's all, you can check the filter. To do this, open the water and immediately look carefully if there are leaks at the junction of the hoses with the adapter, as well as at the output and entrance, you need to twist everything again (you can stick it with tape) and check the seals.
- Open a tap for purified water and wait. The system will be filled for approximately 5 minutes. No need to be scared if the water is muddy. The system is washed and after a couple of minutes, when air comes out of it, pure water will flow.
Competent operation of coal filters
To extend the service life of the filter, you must adhere to such rules:
- water pressure in the system should not exceed 8 atmospheres;
- if you connect the filter through a hot water supply system, then such water cannot be drunk. The filter will quickly fail;
- it is forbidden to install cleaning devices near heating devices;
- the distance between the filter and the water heater-from 2 m;
- spend the drain hole regularly so that the contaminated liquid comes out and does not enter the clean water;
- if tap water is often treated with chlorine, then the coal filter can neutralize it;
- if water comes from deep sources (wells), then the coal filter is not able to cope with the purification of such water.
How to make a carbon filter for water with your own hands
For a family of several people, you can make a filter yourself, and without significant costs. To build a vessel cleansing water, you can use improvised means, for example, a bottle.
So, for work we will need:
- plastic bottle for 5 l;
- bucket (from plastic with a lid) or glass jar;
- napkins;
- lutrail fabric;
- cotton wool;
- charcoal;
- file or sandpaper;
- electric drill with thin drills;
- sharp knife.
We build a filter on our own:
- We unscrew the lid from the bottle and in the center we plan a circle with a marker, it should be the same diameter in the inside with the neck and coincide with the thread.
- We drill holes with a drill (use a thin drill), and then you can cut the hole with a sharp knife manually.
- Sharp edges are smoothed out with sandpaper or file.
- We turn the bottle and cut off the bottom with a sharp knife.
- Turn the bottle and insert into the hole. The funnel should turn out.
- We put the fabric, paper napkins and cotton wool folded into several layers in it, and then pour the charcoal and put the layer of filtration material again.
- We insert a bottle into a bucket or glass bottle and fill it with water. You can take any water, from under the tap, well or from the well.
- After a few minutes, when the water passes through a home -made filter, the bucket will be filled. The first strait needs to be drained, so we clean the coal filter. You yourself will want to do this, because you will see that the water from the filter comes out muddy. Pour new water again and wait, it will already be clean and suitable.
Coal can be bought in a store or do it yourself. To do this, you will need birch logs. You can not use pine, as it contains resins. Put firewood in a metal container and light. Wait for, when the firewood is burned, black coals will remain - this is charcoal. You need to wait until it cools down, chop and use it as intended.
