Currently, the improvement of the construction processes is increasingly popular, allowing the house on their own in a short time. In these purposes, you can use a tree (arbolit), which has many useful characteristics. This building material was invented in the sixties of the last century and is used as blocks or panels for the construction of walls, as well as for monolithic construction.
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Characteristics of this material
The arbolit is a lightweight concrete, in which instead of rubble or sandy dropped, a wood filler was added in the form of crushed chips. In addition to her, crushed sawdust, leaves, needles, dried stems of plants, straw, and trees and wood chips can be used as an organic filler. Such inclusions reinforce the material and increase its compression strength indicators and stretching. To fasten such a base, a cement mixture is used with the addition of reinforcing mineral components. In the process of manufacturing this material, no harmful components are used.
Compared to many materials, the tree is distinguished by noticeable advantages, including an eco-friendly composition, a small weight (about 300-600 kg / m 3) and elasticity. In addition, it is characterized by resistance to biological effects - a mold will not appear on the wall from this material or mold, the appearance of microorganisms, parasites and pest bugs in it is practically excluded. The houses from Arbolit are fireproof, since this material is not a fuel and withstands long-term foundation in the fire unchanged. The tree was inherited from natural wood ease of treatment, as it can be cut with electrolyteils or hacksaws, clog nails into it and screw the screws. The houses from Arbolit, built with their own hands, are distinguished by a low cost, and at the same time in many indicators are not inferior to buildings from the brick or aerated concrete.
It is worth noting the following weighty advantages of this building material:
- high indicators of insulation of the room from noise (due to the presence of chopped wood, creating a peculiar soundproof "pillow", as well as cellular concrete). Excellent sound insulation of such walls can be observed even in the absence of additional finishes. However, after performing external and internal finishing works, these properties of the building are enhanced;
- excellent vapor and thermal insulation - in order to provide heat-stash like a brick wall of the meter thickness, it will be necessary to build a wall from a tree with a thickness of only 30 cm;
- in compliance with certain proportions of the composition, this building material acquires characteristics of special strength and resistance to destruction (not lower than in foam concrete or seven);
- such buildings are characterized by high frost resistance and durability;
- in addition, the tree is distinguished by plasticity and does not give a shrinkage in the construction, it does not destroy under the action of significant loads.
At the same time, some disadvantages are also inherent for this building material. The walls of such a building will be asked to plaster, since due to the porous structure and presence in the composition of the organic filler they are blown and largely absorb moisture. Due to the presence of wood materials, the arbolit is distinguished by significant hygroscopicity and poorly transfers the humidity of more than 75% inside the building. Outside, such walls must be protected by moisture insulating finishing coating, in addition, it will be necessary to ensure reliable waterproofing of the foundation.
Application of a tree
When planning the construction of houses from Arbolit, it is worth considering the following recommendations:
- reviews indicate that these buildings provide excellent heat protection. Thus, when using sufficiently dense building material and compliance with the technology of building walls of the building from Arbolit, it is excellent for cold regions with a dry climate;
- it should be noted that due to the low moisture resistance of the tree, it is recommended to avoid construction from it in regions with a wet climate.
This material is used to build bearing walls and partitions with low-rise construction, including residential buildings, as well as baths and diverse business buildings (for example, garages and sheds). To do this, you can use blocks and panels of arbolit, as well as apply monolithic construction. The houses from the monolithic arbolite are one-piece buildings obtained by filling the plastic tree into the prepared formwork. On the Internet you can see the presented projects of houses from Arbolit. It is worth noting that cast in compliance with the wall technology, ceilings and the floor of the arbolite are characterized by an ideal shape and high mechanical strength.
Technology manufacturing arbium blocks
The manufacturing technology of arbolit is simple. Building blocks from this material or monolithic arbolit can be formed independently. This will require you to prepare the following materials, tools and devices:
- cement;
- haired lime;
- organic filler (wood chip, sawdust, chips, boron, etc.);
- forms for casting blocks;
- reinforcing mesh;
- concrete mixer.
Sequencing:
- Organic additives for Arbolita will need to grind to small sizes and comprehend into a concrete mixer. Practice shows that the length of the elements of the filler should not exceed 40 mm, otherwise the indicators of the strength of the material for compression are worse. At the same time, too small inclusions are not reinforced, as a result, the susceptibility of the material is reduced to the stretching load.
- This mass should be soaked in a solution of hazed lime with the addition of no more than 4% of liquid glass (it can also be replaced with calcium chloride or sulcan aluminum). This measure will avoid the reproduction of microorganisms and rot the organic additives in the tree.
- After absorbing a significant part of the solution to the prepared mixture, it will be necessary to gradually add cement, kneading to obtain a homogeneous mass and topping the water as needed. Recommended precipitation of cement and wood mass 1: 4. When mixing the solution, it is necessary to ensure that emptiness does not appear in the mixture.
- The composition prepared in this way is placed by layers in the form for the manufacture of blocks or to the prepared pre-formwork (with monolithic construction). In the formation of dimensional blocks, it will be necessary in the center of the form to place a conventional concrete, and to put the reinforcing mesh, the rest of the space is filled with a tree. It is very important to carefully tamper the solution, since if empties are formed in it, the material may subsequently crumble.
In order for the monolithic arbolit to type the necessary strength, after filling the solution, it is necessary to wait about four weeks (after 20 days it is already possible to remove the formwork, after that it will be necessary to wait for the final grazing of the material). You can remove the building blocks from the form and lay out on a flat surface in a few days, in the future it will take about two weeks until the blocks of blocks are completely burned.
Features of the construction of houses from Arbolit
In order to independently build a house from Arbolit, careful preliminary planning will be required. Building technology is simple, in addition, the tree is a lightweight material - however, to use all its advantages and build a house from monolithic arbolit or blocks, comfortable for living, it will be necessary to have a clear idea about the features of such construction.
In order to select high-quality finished blocks from Arbolit, it is necessary to take into account the following recommendations:
- when choosing ready-made building blocks and panels from Arbolit, pay attention to their geometry. The smaller they, the more convenient to lay them, while the consumption of solution for masonry will decrease, the seams will be thinner. Consequently, such a building will be quite warm and comfortable for living;
- in addition, look at the shade of blocks - the brightest is characteristic of the M500 brand cement, darker - for M400 (the difference in the degree of maximum load, the first option is suitable for the construction of structural elements);
- it should also be paid to the size of wood chips filling blocks - if it is laid in close interlacing and when trying to tear a piece, this material is strong enough;
- when erecting a two-story house from Arbolit, it is necessary to use building blocks with a density indicator from 650 kg / m 3. In addition, to withstand a significant load, the thickness of the walls from the tree is not less than 40 cm.
When building a house, it is also necessary to take into account the following features of construction technology from Arbolit:
- this building material is characterized by a slight weight, as well as a high water absorption. Given these circumstances, the tapeless foundation is optimally suitable for construction from arbolit. It will take careful leveling horizontally and ensure reliable waterproofing, applying, for example, three layers of bitumen mastic. In addition, it is necessary to perform external waterproofing of the walls, otherwise it will be launched a tree in the future, while the thermal insulation and frost resistance indicators also deteriorate;
- it is necessary to take into account that blocks made of light concrete are not suitable for laying the base - for its construction it is necessary to use brick, reinforced concrete or special foundation blocks;
- in order for the thermal protection of the house to be maximum, it is recommended to use the "warm" masonry solution to lay the arbolic building blocks or glue to minimize masonry seam thickness. When using a solution, blocks from a tree must be watched with water before laying;
- to harden the surface of the masonry, it is recommended to apply the reinforcing plastic grid - it is laid through every several rows of blocks. In addition, to give the stiffness of the surface of the tree from the tree, use lightweight monolithic armopoyas in the form of a concrete tape with a bound reinforcement, mounted around the perimeter of the surface of the walls. Next, it will be necessary to make it insulation with halves of the blocks of arbolit or expanded polystyrene, fixed on the walls using metal brackets;
- due to weak resistance to moisture, the arbolite houses need mandatory cladding. As a finish that allows you to maintain the vapor permeability of the construction of a tree, you can apply plastering on the grid with further alignment of the finishing putty for dyeing.
House from Arbolit - Photo
