Folding attic stairs with his hands

Attic space of private houses are very often used hosts for a variety of purposes. Someone settles in attics storage for temporarily unused things someone sees this area as a summer bedroom, etc. To take full advantage of the attic to it needs unfettered access. Ensure that it can only stairs.

Types of folding attic stairs

Attic stairs may be several types, ie each of them the most preferred under specific conditions:

1. Fixed ladders. Installed mainly in large buildings, where the free space is no problem. According to the level of comfort of use and strength of these types of ladders are the leaders among all. However, the construction cost of a fixed ladder high enough, besides it takes a lot of space.
2. Portable staircase. The simplest and cheapest option. It can be just done independently. Portable stairs are now enjoyed in most cases. As a rule, they are two types: Potter and stepladers. Such devices do not differ in their safety and ease of use. The fact is that the gear staircase must get to the hatch box, and, therefore, should be greater than the height of the ceiling. If such a condition is performed, then the staircase in the room will take a lot of space, and to put it out and take it out of the room at the expense of the dimensions will be problematic. The same applies to the stepladder.
3. Folding attic stairs. This option is considered the most optimal. Folding stairs do not occupy a lot of space, they can be attached to the cover of the ceiling hatch so that the staircase is folded when it is opening. At the same time, the reliability of folding stairs is not inferior to stationary.

There are a large number of folding staircase models. The specific model and material manufacturing material must be selected depending on the configuration of the room, its height, etc. So, there are:

• Scissor staircase in the attic. The design of such a staircase resembles a harmonica. It is made of steel or aluminum. Due to this, it turns out quite strong, but at the same time is quite heavy. The ladder mechanism itself is made as a device of the current collector of the electric locomotive. One of the shortcomings of metal shecular stairs is the creaking of their mechanism with poor quality assembly. So that this does not happen, the axis of the stairs must be constantly lubricated.
• Telescopic staircase. Its design consists of several sections that fold one into one. It is made mainly of aluminum, which causes a small weight of the structure. Due to the fact that each section hides inside the previous one, its thickness is not too big. This is a very important advantage when installing a staircase in a limited space.
• Folding stairs in the attic. The most common appearance of attic stairs. Consist mainly of three sections, the first of which is rigidly attached to the hatch cap, and the remaining declined with hinges. Make such ladders from a wooden bar. They are distinguished by high reliability and ease of use. This option can be easily made independently, while possessing the initial skills of carpentry and fitter work.
• Folding or retractable stairs. Due to the complexity of its design, it is practically not used for making with your own hands. The principle of operation of such devices is that the staircase hides in a niche in the wall, and if necessary, gets from there. At the same time, the steps raised up when the base is hidden, descend when it is extended outside. Such models essentially save space, however, for the reasons described above, are not popular.

About how to make a staircase on the attic with your own hands, let's tell later.

Standard sizes of folding attic stairs

In order for the use of an attic staircase is convenient and, most importantly, safe, you must follow certain parameters.

• So, the slope of the staircase in the extended state should be within 60 ° -75 °. If the angle is greater, climbing this design will not be quite comfortable. If the angle is less, it will take too much space, because in this case it will have to increase its rigidity on the break.
• The width of the stairs on the attic folding should be within 60-70 cm.
• The optimal distance between the steps is 20 cm.
• For the manufacture of steps, it is recommended to use wooden boards with a thickness of at least 20 mm. It is this chalkboard that is able to withstand the estimated load, which should be at least 150 kg.
• The height of the staircase should not exceed 3.5 meters. With greater height, it will be difficult to ensure the necessary reliability of the design.
• Stairs stairs should be placed parallel to the floor of the room, and not to be how many. If they do not provide a normal clutch with shoes, it will be necessary to stick anti-slip overlays on them.
• The optimal size of the outlook of the ladder is 1.2x0.7 m. If you adhere to such parameters, the staircase will be quite strong and easy to use. With a larger size of the hatch, the percentage of heat loss through it will be quite high.

Making a simple folding attic staircase with your own hands

The easiest version of the folding staircase can be made if the attic hatch is in the immediate vicinity of one of the walls.

The design of such a staircase consists of two parts:

1. The length of the first part is equal to the distance from the hatch housing to the floor (you can make a little shorter).
2. The length of the second part is the difference: the length of the entire stairs is minus the length of the first part.

The first parameter can be found based on the height from the hatch to the floor and the angle of inclination of the stairs, and its optimal indicator is 70 °. Now you can simply remember the school course of geometry and divide the height on the sin angle. An angle of 70 ° is 0.9397, respectively, the length of the staircase with a height from the floor to the hatch 3 meters will be 3 / 0.9397 \u003d 3.2 m.

Fastening the top of the staircase to the hatch case is carried out on special hinges, which allow it to freely fold into the right position. On the same joints, two parts of the staircase are fixed.

The ends of the racks are cut at an angle, so that in the unfolded state it stood smoothly on the floor surface, and the larger square rested in the walls of the hatch.

How to make a staircase on the attic with my hand

The most popular variant of the attic staircase is folding. She attaches to the hatch of the attic and splits when it is lowered. In the folded state, the staircase hides in the attic and does not spoil the interior of the room.

Procedure for installation work:

1. The construction of the ladder begins with the manufacture of a well and hatch. The hatch frame is collected from a bar with a size of 50x50 mm, and plywood is a thickness of 10 mm. Bruks are connected to the lock and are attached with the help of self-tapping screws. Before it can be wrapped the locks with joinery glue.
2. From above and bottom, the frame is trimmed by plywood. In the end of the Luke Rama, a latch is installed, which will keep it in a closed state. The latch must be quite strong to withstand the weight of the hatch with the staircase.
3. By the size of the hatch, the frame of the well made from the board with a width of 100 mm and a thickness of 30 mm. It is going to the castle and fastens with the help of self-tapping screws.
4. The most important point in the assembly of the opening hatch is the manufacture of hinged pairs. The first couple will be responsible for opening the hatch, and the second, for maintaining it in a hanging condition. The first swivel pair is made of three parts. The first is the corner (the moving part of the hinge to which the hatch will be attached). The second is a strip (fixed part that will be attached to the frame of the well). The third is the connecting steel stripes. Thanks to them, the first part is attached to the second, and the mechanism can move. To secure the stripes, in the movable and fixed part of the hinge, as in the bands, the holes with a diameter of 10 mm are drilled under the installation of the bolts.
5. One of the corners of the strip is cut to the corner in it. The band when opened will hold the movement of the corner, maintaining the hatch on the weight under the desired angle.
6. After assembling the hinge, it is adjustable so that it opens and closed without problems.
7. Then it should be disassembled, and its parts are used as a template for the manufacture of a second pair.
8. After completion of the work, the hinge is installed on the workplace, the hatch cover is attached to them. Already in the collected state of the hinge once again drive.
9. The tops are then manufactured by supporting hinges. They are pairs of steel strips, which are interconnected by bolts. They are attached to the hatch and frame of the well.
10. After that, the entire block is collected and checked.
11. The next step is going to the staircase. The string and steps will be made of 25 mm thick boards and 100 mm wide.
12. The optimal parameters of the folding staircase was already mentioned above. Based on the calculated parameters, not the stairs are placed the installation sites of the steps. So that they are parallel to the floor, in relation to the tutor, they should be at an angle.
13. Marking is applied immediately into two boards in a mirror reflection. To do this, they are connected by the help of the help of the scotch. In places of fastening the steps, a groove is cut with a thickness of 25 mm and a depth of 10 mm. After that, the required number of steps is cut. Then they are installed in the grooves and the ends are fixed with self-draws.
14. After that, the staircase is cut into 3 parts. The first and second part should be slightly less than the length of the hatch. Third - by residual length. They are connected with hinges.
15. The last stage of the ladder is an attic folding with his own hands attached to the hatch, after which the entire design is checked and installed on the ceiling.

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