When it comes to the construction of a house or the execution of major repairs in the room, we are faced with the fact that we have to level the walls, and then independently perform their decoration. You should immediately prepare for the fact that plaster in concrete walls is a long and laborious process that requires certain skills. In addition, plaster in concrete walls has a decent price, so you can learn this work yourself.
Content
The plaster of the walls is a very important stage in the decoration of the premises, regardless of whether the walls will be previously glued with wallpaper or the surface will be prepared for painting.
There are many nuances in this matter. So, some experts advise first preparing the surface and completely clean it from flaws. Some advise not to spend a lot of effort and not prepare a concrete wall for plaster, but immediately sew it with drywall. But, as it turns out, the artificial fragile wall in the future during operation is problematic. It is impossible to attach kitchen cabinets, plasma TV, shelves, air heater, water heater and other heavy household appliances to it. That is why it is better to choose the old proven method of wall decoration and perform plaster concrete walls with your own hands.
Classification of the material
Currently, many different mixtures for wall decoration are on sale. For each surface, individual types are intended.
Common types of plaster:
- Gypsum (ordinary) or a mixture of sand with cement. Such plaster is designed to align the walls, as well as in order to protect the surface from moisture and damp, as well as temperature effects.
- Special. A mixture that has a narrow orientation. Its main task is to protect the room from radiation, to maintain heat and suppress noise.
- Decorative. The name itself says that such a mixture is used for the final stage of repair work, when it is necessary to give the surface a beautiful view.
About technology
Before proceeding with the placement of the surface, it is necessary to perform the installation device of concrete walls. First remove dirt, dust from the concrete wall. This is necessary in order to ensure a more strong adhesion of the material with the surface. After preparing the wall, begin to prepare the solution.
How to prepare a solution correctly
When it comes to the implementation of plastering, one should be guided by the following rules:
- for a concrete and stone wall, which will be subjected to constant precipitation, it is necessary to use solutions consisting of Portland cement or slag -cement;
- stone and concrete surfaces, as well as facades that will not be subjected to precipitation (rain, snow) can be plastered with solutions consisting of a mixture of cement and lime;
- the internal plastering of the premises, with air humidity not exceeding sixty percent (premises of the bath, laundry, bathroom), the first layer impose cement with lime, and subsequent clasps will already consist of cement mortar.
A solution is prepared for plastering walls of well -sifted material (through a large metal sieve) and mixed thoroughly so that there are no lumps and grains. One solution may contain one or more astringent elements. The fat content of the solution is checked with a special tool - “Kelma”.
If the solution is very bold, then it will pester on the surface and lie down badly. To reduce fat content, it is diluted. The “skinny” solution, on the contrary, will not have a clutch and it must be supplemented with one astringent element.
If you have prepared a dense, fat solution and started work, then after drying the wall can go cracks. And working with such a thick solution will be inconvenient.
You can prepare a mixture for plastering yourself, most importantly, adhere to the basic rules. So, the container for kneading the solution should be deep, metal or plastic. The cement is mixed in certain proportions with sand, and then introduced into the “dough”, which is diluted with water and mixed. To work with the solution, you need to know what the layer it will be, the first, second or third. Each solution for each subsequent layer is prepared according to its recipe.
- To prepare the "lime dough", you need to take part of the lime (not extinguished) and three parts of water. Stir, wait until the chemical reaction begins, add water and mix again. Close the container and leave alone for 24 hours.
- Lime solution. “Dough” - one part, mix one fifth of the sand, add water gradually. Dilute to the required density.
- Clay-ledge. The dough (clay)-one part, lime dough (0.4 parts), three to six parts of sand (the more sand, the stronger the solution will be), water. All components are mixed, and water is gradually added.
- The solution is cement. It consists of a part of the cement and two or three parts of the sand. It is prepared like this: cement and sand are poured into the container in layers, mixed and diluted with water to the desired consistency.
If you decide to prepare a solution for plaster from the finished mixture, carefully read the instructions on the package.
How to work with a solution
The plaster of concrete walls, if you resort to the services of specialists, has an average cost. It is calculated based on the surface area and cost of materials.
A peculiarity of work on plastering concrete walls is that the surface often has an even and smooth structure. Due to this feature, a layer of solution can fall off. To prevent this from happening, small notches are made on the wall.
Next, the wall is treated with a primer that will strengthen the surface and improve clutch. In addition, primer mixtures prevent moisture and fungus.
After the primer layer completely dries (usually one or two days stand out for this), you can start plastering the wall.
If there are large changes on the surface, then use a metal mesh. The application of the mixture is performed in several stages.
The first layer - “spray” can be applied with a pump. If there is no special device, plaster is applied manually with a special spatula. The thickness of the layer of the solution should not exceed five millimeters.
Before applying the first layer, it is advisable to moisten the wall a little with water so that the mixture sticks better to the surface. After the layer applied, the wall is aligned with a construction spatula and left until completely dry.
The next stage - a layer of plaster is applied over the first layer. The second layer will go more evenly, since the mixture is prepared more thick.
The actions for applying plaster are the same as the previous time. The only difference is that you need to leave the surface to dry for at least a week.
After the wall is completely dry, grouting is performed. Within a week, while it dries, it should be periodically moistened with water.
After that, you can proceed to the next stage - the final one. The layer of the mixture is prepared very scrupulously and thoroughly stirred to eliminate the ingress of grains and avoid the heterogeneity of the mixture. The surface of the wall should be smooth and even, and also do not have cracks and tubercles.
After the wall dries, it will have a beautiful white color and will become even.
Features of work with concrete walls
Do not forget that when working with a concrete wall, you need to rub each layer. This is necessary so that the layer of plaster is firmly kept.
So, the thickness of the second layer, it is also the main one, should not exceed five millimeters if the wall is relatively flat.
If your walls have different differences, when applying plaster, you need to consider this nuance and leave more time to dry each layer.
The plaster of concrete walls can be viewed in the photo:
The plaster of concrete walls is presented in this video:
