Balcony extension: Step-by-step instruction

An extension of the balcony in a private house expands the living area and can make the architecture of the building more interesting and attractive. The balcony, a fairly complex engineering design, its extension requires compliance with the standards that ensure the safety of the design, compliance with the requirements of fire safety, etc. Any protruding architectural structures on the beams or console plates are raised taking into account the rules of the conversion.

When choosing a place for the balcony, compliance with the overall architectural composition and constructive feasibility is taken into account. An important panorama opens from the balcony, the shadensity or solar illumination of the place. In the process of planning an extension of the balcony to the house, the internal location of the rooms and the convenience of accessing the balcony is taken into account. For an extension of the balcony on the first floor, special calculations are required. The support columns made of bricks or a light ribbon foundation on which the floor is labeled and the fence is attached.

Regulatory requirements for balconies

When calculating the tuning of the balcony on the second floor, many factors are taken into account: the thickness, material and age of the walls, the calculated loads, taking into account the weight of the structure itself, present on the balcony of people, snow, etc. From this dependes the size of the balcony, materials and method for installing the frame.

• the calculated load on the plate across the entire plane is 200 kg / m2, the strip load is calculated taking into account the group of people standing along the parapet on a plot of 80 cm wide and is 400 kg / m2;
• the height of the fencing of the balcony is at least 105 cm with the load on the handrails of the railing of 30 kg / m ², and vertical to the fence 100 kg / m2;
• the angle of inclination of the balcony plate from the capital wall to the edge is 2 °, for the removal of rainwater (about 2 cm per 100 cm site).

In addition to the above parameters, a 100% storage margin is added to the calculated numbers. Considering the presence of a few more specific nuances, then the design of the balcony extension is easier to entrust the competent specialist.

Constructions of balcony frames for private houses

The balcony consists of three main elements: base, protective fence and canopy. According to the base of the base, the balconies are divided into two types. Console slab and console-beam.

Balcony on the console-pinched plate

In the process of building a box of the house, it is not less laid at a carrier wall than 40 cm reinforced concrete stove. The following rows of building material reliably fix the balcony slab. Such structures are used in buildings with thick and heavy walls. The width of the balcony site should not exceed 1 meter.

Balcony on cantilever beams

Reinforced concrete or steel beams are laid in the wall during the construction of the house box. Sometimes the holes in the already erected wall are the holes and the beams are breams at a depth of at least 40 cm. In this case, the balcony area is additionally strengthened by the brackets or support racks. The site width is allowed from 1.2 m to 1.5 meters. Support racks under the balcony allow you to increase the width of the site by 2 - 2.5 meters.

1. Reinforced concrete plates for the base of the balcony have a lot of weight and are installed at the time of construction. For an extension of the balcony to the house, it is wiser to apply a console-beam method with an institution in a metal channel wall and a wooden flooring.
2. The fencing for the balcony is made of wood or metal. Various original variants of wooden railing or metal grids can be purchased in the store or order in the workshop. In any case, the fence must be durable to have a reliable fastening and be sufficient height. Canopy performs utilitarian protection against wind, sun and precipitation. For it, a metal frame is made and covered with roofing material. But if you approach the process creatively - the canopy will be decorated with a balcony.

Framework for balconies in the house

To install the base of the balcony, a channel or an intermediate beam is used. The channel has a p-shaped profile, and the 2-way beam resembles a railway rail. For a balcony area of \u200b\u200b1.5x2 meters, you will need 4 such metal beams of 2 meter length. The channel in the section 50x150x50 or the 150x50x150 aluminum with a thickness of the walls of at least 5 mm under the condition of the flooring of a wooden floor.

1. In the wall, the walls are in one level 4 holes at a depth of 50 cm with a span of 50 cm. The holes are breeding, if it is a channel, then a wide side up, aligned in levels, they are disconnected and concreted. Under the beams to the wall of the house on the anchors, a metal corner of 70x70 is attached and sticks to the beams with welding. It will not give individual beams to love the wall of the house. The same strapping is done on the ends of the balcony beams. Three metal stripes are welded across the beams for a ligament, along the entire balcony site.
2. For the reliability of the structure under the extreme beams of the frame are mounted soaps. They are welded separately from the corner in the form of a rectangular triangle. The free space of the triangle is filled in for beauty openwork ornament from a metal rod or square. When the balcony beam is released at 1.5 meters, the side adjacent to the wall and the side of the pitch welded to the beam is equal to one meter.

Support racks are mounted from metal pipes with a diameter of at least 2 inches. The upper end of the support is started under the cut of the extreme beams and is fixed with welding. The lower part of the support rack treated with anti-corrosion mastic is immersed in a predetermined hole to a depth of 0.5 meters. The free space around the support is rambling and poured with concrete.

Floor arrangement, fencing and balcony

1. The floor for the balcony is arranged from a dry stranded board 30 - 40 mm thick. The boards are stacked from the wall to the edge of the balcony. The end sides of the boards are attached to the extreme beams on the bolts, the intermediate fastening can be made with self-draws. There is a minimum gap of 1-2 mm between the boards. Without a gap in crude weather, there is a swelling of boards and flooding of the floor. The floor is covered with an antiseptic and paint.
2. For the fencing of the balcony in the angular extreme points, two metal racks are welded. Metal inch tube height at least 105 cm is quite suitable. From a metal corner or tube, a p-shaped rail profile is bent. For the calculated balcony, its dimensions will be 1.5x2x1.5 meters. In the angular points of the railings are welded to the racks, and the final ends are securely fixed in the wall. Metal mortgages are made in the wall, to which the ends of the railings are welded.
3. The facade and side openings of the balcony fence are closed with decorative metal lattices, wooden balasines, plastic panels, etc.
4. For a canopy in the workshop, the frame is ordered. The roof of the canopy can be made of galvanized iron, macrolone, flexible tile or other roofing material. The roof of the canopy on the bolts and self-tapping screws is attached. It is installed canopy mounting to the wall on 4 anchor (F16, L \u003d 250mm, R cm \u003d 30 kg / cm ²) quite enough.