Layout at home with a naked mansard

Houses of the attic type are among the most popular buildings of an individual type. The convenient layout of the house with the attic at relatively low costs significantly increases the useful area of \u200b\u200bthe building. Thanks to weight loss when choosing the construction of an attic home, the costs of foundation will be much lower than when the full-fledged stone second floor is erected. It is also worth noting that houses with a attic roof look quite attractive, which makes them preferable from a designer point of view.

True, there is in such houses and its shortcomings. The "residential roof" requires more attention. Due to the need for the insulation of the living space, the costs of the insulation are required, and the decoration of such a design is a bit more complicated than ordinary walls. In addition, the roof requirements for the attic floor above, rather than with the usual non-residential attic. About how to choose a planning of the house with a naked mans - hereinafter.

Preparation for planning at home with an attic

Before starting planning a house with an attic, it is necessary to clearly understand what it is. So, the attic is called the last floor of the house, which has a line of intersection of the roof and walls on a level of less than 1 meter from the floor line. Simple words, if the second floor wall is above 1 meter, then the house is considered to be two-level, if less is one-level with a narent floor. It is necessary to understand this in order to properly arrange documents for the construction.

All houses with attic can be divided into three conventional groups:

1. Simple attic. It consists only of one level. At the same time, the appearance of the whole construction is usually.
2. Two-level attic. Such types of the upper floors are extremely rare, as they require presence of a pretty high roof.
3. Andresol mansard. With this layout of the last floor, the attic ceiling makes directly at the expense of a straight steering zone. The latter acts not only as a possible economic premises, but also as a heat insulating buffer.

The most common kind of mansard is the first. It allows the maximum to use all the attic space at low costs of funds.

Dersighted floors in time of use are:

1. Summer. In this case, unheated attic is used only in the summer. This is the perfect option for the construction of country houses, accommodation in which is limited to the country's season. In this case, you can significantly save on thermal insulation.
2. Year-round. This type of mansard is used in residential buildings. To reduce the costs of energy of the monsard walls, it is necessary to warm up using special materials.

The planning of the attic and the compilation of its project depends on which house it will be built: in a new structure or in the one that is already operated.

If this is a ready-made home, then it is necessary to take into account its structural features, especially the foundation. When the attic floor is erected, instead of the attic pressure, the pressure will increase, because the weight of the roof will become much larger. If the foundation has a small strength, then work should be carried out. Without this, the likelihood of its destruction is significantly increasing. If the foundation has a good margin of safety, it is necessary to inspect it for cracks and shrinkages. All the defects of the base must be eliminated.

It is also necessary to pay attention to the walls. In some cases, they are enhanced by another layer of masonry, which is mounted on the foundation enhanced earlier.

When building a new home, the task is somewhat simplified. Already at the design stage, the parameters of the foundation and the wall thickness can be envisaged.

Planning the foundation of the attic house

For the construction of the house with the attic floor, the most optimal option will be the ribbon foundation. It, in comparison with other types of foundation, is able to withstand heavy loads on unstable soils. The depth of the base and its width depend on the type of soil, as well as the load on it from all structural elements of the house. The foundation project is better to entrust professional builders, because the life of the entire structure will depend on its sustainability. Recently, the construction of the ground floors was very popular. With a lack of area area, such a foundation can add useful volume. As a rule, there are technical premises such as laundry, workshop or garage on the ground floors.

When planning a ribbon foundation, you must select from two options:

• Monolithic foundation. It is suitable with liquid concrete, which is poured into the arranged formwork. The construction of such a basis takes a large amount of time, as it requires the preparation of the solution in huge quantities. However, in comparison with other types of bases, the monolithic base has a large number of advantages. He does not miss moisture, its device does not require the involvement of special equipment, so if there is no limited time frame, the construction of such a foundation can be performed with your own hands.
• Block foundation. This design is performed from concrete blocks of various sizes and type. The advantage of such a foundation is the speed of its construction. For a small home, bookmark blocks can spend in 2-3 days with their subsequent alignment. However, since such work can be carried out only if there is an appropriate technique (lifting crane, a long for transportation), make this work independently it is unlikely to succeed.

Planning walls for the attic house

The construction of the walls of an attic home is made from various materials. By creating a project, it is necessary to take into account their availability in each specific region. Mostly walls of houses are built of the following materials:

1. Blocks. Blocks can be made of slag concrete, foam concrete. They can be of various sizes, which improves the convenience when laying them. Manufacturers make large blocks for bearing walls and smaller for simpleness. To improve energy efficiency, the blocks make hollows, so air is collected in them. Due to the fact that the air has low thermal conductivity, such houses are very warm. Special level of energy saving differ blocks of foam concrete. With its excellent strength, they have a relatively low weight, which reduces pressure on the foundation.
2. Wood. In the regions where lumber are available, it is advisable to erect houses from a bar or a rounded log. Such attic houses look very attractive. Wooden walls perfectly keep warm, retain moisture in the room at a normal level, are environmentally friendly. The disadvantage of wooden houses is their fire hazard and the need for constant wood care. Planning houses from a bar with an attic can be limited to the size of sawn timber.
3. Brick. The most common material for individual buildings. It has excellent energy-saving properties, has a wonderful appearance. Since the brick is made of clean clay, it is one of the most environmentally friendly materials. The disadvantages of bricks include labor intensity. Due to the small size of the bricks, much more operations are needed, and, accordingly, time. The thickness of the walls from the brick should be as follows:

• for bearing walls - 2 bricks;
• for internal commoners - 1-1.5 bricks.

By choosing the material for the construction of the walls, it is necessary to calculate its need. It will be equal to the current consumption according to the project, taking into account the 10% reserve.

Simple layout of the house with an attic. How to choose a roof

As a rule, a double roof is used for the attic floor in the overwhelming number of cases. When developing a planning and project of the roof of the house with an attic one must comply with the requirements of SNIPs.

The roof washed with the roof of the indoor floor, they will have to withstand more load due to the insulation, finishing materials, as well as the roof material. Therefore, for the roof frame device, it is better to use a 250x250 mm timber. One of the most optimal options will be the use of glued timber. It has sufficient strength to withstand the layer of insulation, decoration and roofing material.

The roof can be used as:

• Slate is the cheapest material. It has a lot of weight, and not too high strength. In addition, slate is made with the addition of asbestos, which is not quite good for a person.
• Soft roof. Bituminous tile is one of the most popular roofing materials. It perfectly protects the roof from the penetration of moisture, has excellent performance, as well as low weight. However, laying of such a material requires a rigid substrate in the form of litas chipboard or OSB, which leads to additional costs.
• Professional flooring. It is a profiled galvanized sheet, coated with an anti-corrosion layer. The strong parties of such a solution is low weight and long exploitation. However, a significant disadvantage of the professional leaf is its "volume". When dropping rain or hail, it creates a not very pleasant acoustic effect.

Planning rooms and stairs

Usually there are sleeping rooms on the attic floor. The kitchen and the bathroom is better located on the first floor to reduce the cost of a breakdown of sewage and water supply.

When laying rooms, you must select the type of window of the attic floor. They can be installed both on rafters and installed in a special box.

The staircase usually places in the middle of the house. The most optimal option can be a marching staircase made of wood.

Planning a single-storey house with an attic: photo

Internal planning of homes homes: video