DIY window jumper

Before those who build a house with their own hands, at a certain stage the question arises: buy jumpers for windows in a store or make them with your own hands. Shop jumpers buy safer. Immediately you can see the quality and if that, you can make a claim to the manufacturer. If you build jumpers with your own hands, then claims can only be made for yourself, but they will come out much cheaper, because you will need to pay exclusively for materials.

Types of jumpers

Their types depend on the methods of using jumpers:

1. Carrying structures - hold the loads from the plates used for ceiling.
2. Crusing structures - take on the load exclusively from laying the wall, which is located above the window opening.
3. “Pencils” are designs that are put on the doorways, they are thin and not carrying.
4. “Runs” are large -bearing jumper.
5. "Rigel" - large jumpers with a shelf, which serves as a support for the design, which is located on top.

Most often, the construction and non -carrier jumper are used in construction, they are placed in the openings of windows and doors. And it is quite possible to make them with your own hands.

Technology for the construction of a jumper

Before starting directly the manufacture of window jumpers, you need to decide which type you will use and what sizes. If the house is not large, which has a lightweight roof, then it can be placed in it of a non -bearing look. Also, the same type of jumper can be placed when there are reinforcement belts on all floors on all floors. In these cases, they take on the load evenly.
The technology for creating a jumper looks like this:

1. It is necessary to create a jumper for facial masonry, its role can play a metal corner. Its dimensions from 7.5 cm. It is necessary to install it so that there is no vertical shelf outside. At the level of the window quarter, it is necessary to place a corner. Then the window will become as it should be when it is installed. The value of the quarter of the window is 5 cm.
2. You can pour a window jumper in two ways: outside the window, and then install in the opening or over the window opening. In principle, there is no great difference. If in the second option you have to escape with the construction of the formwork at the site of the window, then in the first - to independently raise and transfer the jumper. This option is harder in the sense that it is sometimes impossible to take a crane for work to move the structure. Pouring a jumper immediately in the window is cheaper and easier and faster in time. But its installation will be more difficult, because it will not only keep herself, but also heavy concrete mass. But still, most often builders stop precisely on this option.

Formwork for jumper

To build formwork for jumpers, you will need:

• wooden boards, 2-2.5 cm in thickness. They will go for the manufacture of shields;
• nails or screws with which the boards will be attached;
• scurgery for working with self -tapping screws.

The course of work:

1. Install the horizontal shield in the opening so that it rests on the supports. It happens on the same level with masonry or a little comes for it. If the supports go beyond the sides of the masonry, then the shield is located at the top, and not to the side of the opening.
2. A reinforcement is placed on the shield in the formwork center, and a shield is attached with self -tapping screws.
3. So that the shield does not move during concreting, it is screwed with wire to the masonry grid and pulled together. Thus, the shield thoroughly packs to the window and will not move due to the large load from the concrete mass.

Warming of the formwork

The insulation layer should take place between the jumper and masonry itself. And as a heater, you can use mineral wool from 190 cm thick. Vatu needs to be laid in the formwork in front of the casting of concrete. This method of insulation of window jumpers has one significant drawback: in the future, when installing the window in the opening, it will come into contact with cotton wool, and even the installation foam will not help correct the situation, no matter how well it would fill in the gap. If you take mineral wool as a heater, then the slopes of the window must be covered with brick so that it will rest on the brick, and then the window will be fixed using foam for installation and will stand reliably. Without brick, the foam will come into contact with cotton wool. But then the slopes will have to be insulated. If you are ready for such "difficulties", then you can safely use cotton wool. As a result, you will still get a good warm window, securely fixed and without drafts.
If you think that unnecessary problems are useless to you, you can try to use a pumpan as a heater - this is an extruded foam propostrol, it has a strong consistency unlike mineral wool. The thickness of its sheets is about 3 cm. When you mount the insulation, the gap that will occur between the insulation and the frame must be filled with foam for installation. When hardening, the foam will fall into the Pumpan and the window will be securely fixed. In this case, you do not have to use an additional layer of insulation. Yes, the slopes do not need to be insulated.

Reinforcement and strengthening of formwork

The diameter of reinforcing bars depends on the type of jumper on the window. For this jumper, which is not a supporting one, you can use a reinforcement consisting of two cores 0.8 cm. The reinforcement must be laid along the window jumper. And fasten the rods with each other with the help of wire. They do not need to be connected by welding. As a result, the reinforcement will look like a simple staircase.

When installing a horizontal shield, you need to use supports. There are builders who ignore this moment. They do not take into account that concrete has significant weight. And when the formwork will be poured, it can either damage the shield, or shift it a little, and as a result, the shape of the jumper will not be perfectly flat, and in the future it is almost impossible to fix it. Therefore, it is better to initially verify the reliability of the design.
When you consolidate the support that is located in the center of the window opening, then shift it a little to the window, so you will make it so that the angle inside is not sagging, because it will be fixed to the shield.

Filling a jumper

To pour a window jumper, you need to perform a number of such works:

1. Prepare concrete 200. To do this, mix part of the cement with two parts of sand and five parts of gravel.
2. Electric vibrators are usually used for tamping concrete, they look like a table on which forms with concrete are compacted. But if you do not have this tool, then you can do with an ordinary stick that needs to be tapped next to the structure so that the concrete has sat down.
3. Make sure that the reinforcing mesh is in high condition in relation to the horizontal shield. Thus, it will be further completely recessed in concrete, and not stick out. Therefore, before pour concrete, put small pieces of brick under the reinforcement.
4. Bay the formwork, you need to leave it for a day for solidification. And in a day you can start laying the wall.
5. To protect the room from drafts, the window should be with a quarter. Its dimensions: on the sides of 5 cm and from the side of the windowsill - 2 cm. Some builders cost a quarter, but if you have a choice, it is better to make.

After the formwork is disassembled, window and door jumpers can be built up with brick, which is laid in a row to the height that is necessary. But laying slabs for ceilings that give a large load on the jumpers, it is necessary no earlier than a month after pouring concrete.