Installation of a forced ventilation system with your own hands

Ventilation is needed in each room, since it is thanks to the correctly adjusted air exchange that a comfortable microclimate in the house is created. However, unfortunately, not all owners of houses are able to install an expensive supply and exhaust system. Therefore, forced ventilation is most often equipped. But do not think that its installation is only reduced to the installation and connection of the fan, because this air exchange system is based, first of all, on the correct calculations and on the competent placement of all elements. We will tell you how to make ventilation in the house with your own hands.

Characteristics and types of forced ventilation systems

This system is named for compulsory ventilation because the air flow passes through the ventilation structure not in a natural way, but with the help of additional mechanisms and devices. In this case, the fan is used. It is placed in the duct, thereby creating increased air pressure, displacing the flow through the central channels. This is the best way to improve the quality of air exchange, because the exhaust air does not linger in the system for a long time, but goes out forced. Fans are usually placed in kitchen ducts or in a bathroom.   Thus, in a room where forced ventilation with your own hands is equipped, fresh air is always present.

The forced ventilation system is relevant for both private houses and apartments located in multi -storey buildings. There are several varieties of forced air exchange:

• Princely
• Exhaust.
• Combined (supply and exhaust).

Depending on how the air passes through the system, forced ventilation can be:

• with an air duct;
• without air ducts.

If you decide to equip the forced ventilation of the house with your own hands, then the most effective option would be a combined (supply and exhaust) air exchange. Here, both the influx of fresh air and the outflow of the worked out will be regulated simultaneously. It is not so difficult to make such ventilation in a private house with your own hands.

Structural elements of the ventilation system

When arranging forced ventilation in an apartment or house with your own hands, you should know what constructive elements it consists of:

• The lattices through which the air is collected. They protect the structure from getting into the system of small rodents, dust, garbage. Usually they are fixed on top of ventilation pipes.
• Filter devices. They are designed to clean the air of garbage, as well as from large particles of dust. Filtering devices are classified according to the degree of filtering. Depending on the functionality of the devices, their price also varies.
• Regulatory valves. Direct the air flow into the duct. Regulate the trajectory and power of the supplied air.
• Fans. With the help of them, the exhaust air is in a timely manner is displaced from the system.
• Sound filters. Thanks to these devices, the work of the ventilation pipe made by yourself is silently.
• Calorriers. Adjust the temperature of the supplied air.
• Pipes-airplaces. The designed air passes through them and the fresh system enters the system.
• Automatic adjustment system. A block capable of adjusting the operation of supply ventilation made by yourself. Very often, such an automatic adjustment system is not installed in private houses, due to its high price. However, this unit significantly increases the efficiency of the entire system, automatically turning on and turning off fans, calorifiers.

DIY ventilation: Scheme

There are several circuits of the ventilation device, and depending on where it will be installed, its variety is selected. So, there are:

• Combined systems. In such a system, forced ventilation is equipped with the natural one. So, for example, air supply when arranging ventilation in the garage can be carried out in a natural way, and the output of the exhaust air passes under the action of the fan.
• Cooling ventilation. It is installed not in all types of rooms and is quite expensive. With this scheme of the air exchange device, an air conditioner is placed in the duct that can cool the arriving air. The cooling device is mounted directly on the ventilation riser.
• Ventilation with heating. The device of this ventilation system is similar to the previous one. Only in this case is not the air conditioner, but a recuperator. With its help, you can save costs to pay for electricity. However, such equipment is quite expensive.
• A supply and exhaust system with recirculation function. This system of air exchange is difficult to mount yourself, without the involvement of qualified specialists. However, if you have already taken up the performance of such work, then over time they will justify yourself, since this ventilation system is considered quite effective. When operating this design, the exhaust air passes through the filtering device and is diluted with clean street air. In this form, it falls through the pipes system directly into the room. Very often, according to this scheme, ventilation is equipped in a bath with their own hands.

When arranging forced air exchange, it is important to correctly calculate and determine the value of the following parameters:

• General performance of the ventilation system.
• The number of fans required for the normal operation of ventilation.
• The noise level that the system will publish when the air flow passes through it.
• Dimensions of air ducts.
• The performance of additional equipment: heaters, recuperators, air conditioners.
• The volume of air that will pass through the ventilation system in one period of time. This indicator was called "multiplicity". For example, if this value is 3, then this suggests that the air flow within one hour through the system will pass three times.
• The correct distribution of air flows. It is important that the ventilation system is equipped so that fresh air is distributed evenly throughout the room. In these calculations, you should focus on the total area of \u200b\u200bthe house in which ventilation ducts are mounted. In the room of a large area, an air exchange indicator should be made as high as possible.
• The location of the supply and exhaust distributors of the air flow. The general effectiveness of the entire ventilation system depends on these calculations. When calculating, it is important to consider how many people will constantly live in the house, as well as the general specifics of the room. For example, for a kitchen room in which food will often be prepared, and smoking people will be located, exhaust channels should be located higher and more than supply.

Installation of the forced ventilation system

Since the forced ventilation system works quite noisily, it should be located in rooms located far from the bedroom, hall, children's room. Ventilation can be mounted, for example, in the kitchen, in the corridor, on the balcony or in the attic.

Work order:

1. Initially, we will prepare a place for laying ventilation ducts. To do this, reinstall the double -glazed window a few centimeters below in the window overlooking the balcony. The hole that was formed between the old and new window opening is closed with an insert of polyurethane foam.
2. Cut the connecting tube into polyurethane foam. If a hole remains in the place of the insert, it should be compacted with any connecting material.
3. At a distance from the polyurethane foam, we mount an air filter (sleeve sucking type FV or FVK).
4. We mount an electric heater. It can be located at any distance from the filter device and connect with it using a flexible hose. It is worth saying that the housing of the electric heater during the operation of the device heats up to high temperatures, so it should be insulated. In addition, during the operation of the device, it is periodically necessary to remove the lid.
5. We install a fan that will adjust and direct the air flow in the system. It should be located at a certain distance from the heater. Most often, this distance is 30 cm. It is best to take a semi -automatic fan. It is able to turn off after a certain period of time (according to a given timer) and turn off with an increase in humidity in the room.
6. In order to make the fan is not so noisy, you can install the device in the box and insulate with mounting foam. Previously, holes under the air duct are made in the box for further laying of electric cables.
7. Next, the duct is mounted, through which the exhaust air will pass. Typically, there are enough pipes 70-80 cm long, but in some cases, an installation of a longer duct may be required. The total length of the ventilation system will be about one and a half to two meters. If the length of the duct is larger, then galvanized pipes will be required for its installation.
8. The bars are installed in the pipes through which fresh air will enter. Their dimensions are on average 10 by 15 cm.
9. In order to make the operation of the ventilation system more effective, you can automate it. To do this, a temperature sensor and temperature controller are installed. Such devices are powered from the mains. The wiring can be “hidden” into specially made channels in the walls of the room.

As you can see, your own installation of a forced ventilation system is not such a difficult task that will be able to each homeowner.