Little veranda do it yourself

The construction of a small veranda is one of the easiest ways to expand the useful area of \u200b\u200ba small private house. In addition, such a construction can act as a kind of tambour, which will increase the energy saving of the house, and therefore, reduce the cost of its heating in the winter.

Basic moments

Little verandas differ in manufacturing material:

1. Wooden. Such small extensions carry the function of the hallway. As a rule, they are made not heated, and they are not too suitable for operation in winter. In the summer, in such verandas, you can equip a small summer kitchen.
2. Stone (brick, slagoblock). These are more capital buildings built on a powerful foundation. Usually, such a veranda makes heated, placing a kitchen or other room in it.

By design:

1. Heble. This veranda is connected to the general system of heating at home or have an autonomous heating source in it (this option is much cheaper). Warm verandas are built on the capital foundation with the heat insulation of the floor.
2. Not heated. Used only in summer, and in the winter period act as a kind of buffer to preserve heat. It is allowed to build on the base foundation without additional thermal insulation.

Preparations for the beginning of construction work

Even such a small plot of construction as an extension of a small veranda requires careful preparation. Conditionally, it can be divided into two stages:

1. Preparation of documents. Any introduction to the project of the house, even building a small room, requires changes to project documentation. Therefore, by selecting an exemplary veranda design, you need to make a small sketch. It will have to apply to the design organization that has the right and license to develop residential buildings projects. They will prepare all the necessary documentation: the project and design of a small veranda, with which you need to contact the supervision authorities (architectural department), which will approve the project. It is necessary to do this in advance, as the approval of all documentation can take up to 2 months. It is better to do this in winter to be fulfillment before the construction season.
2. Preparation of materials. It is necessary to stock the necessary amount of sawn timber for roofing, bricks (slag block) for walls, cement, reinforcement, dropout or rubble, sand, etc. If there are no problems with the delivery of materials, you can not buy everything at once, but gradually, in the construction process. If there are certain problems with delivery, it is better to buy everything in order to save money. In this case, it is necessary to provide storage spaces, materials that are exposed to moisture and direct sunlight: cement, plaster, paints, polystyrene foam, etc.

Beginning of work. Construction of foundation

Usually for construction a veranda use two types of foundations:

1. Foundation column. It is used for the construction of frame structures, with a slight weight. Such a foundation is easy to install and its cost is much lower.
2. Ribbon foundation. Applied for capital heavy buildings. This is a more reliable type of foundation, however, its construction is characterized by greater complexity and price.

Construction of a column foundation of a small veranda:

1. Initially, the plot on which the veranda will be installed, a fertile layer of soil is removed, the thickness of which is about 15 cm. It can be reached on a flowerbed or beds. Then, according to the approved project, there is a marking of the installation sites of the foundation pillars. For this use small pieces of fittings that are connected by twine. As a rule, the distance between the columns should be no more than half a meter.
2. The height of the pillars of the base foundation of the veranda must correspond to the height of the foundation of the main building. The size of the posts is caused by the project and depend on the load that they will experience when the premises is erected. Also on the state of the soil on the project site, the minimum perception of each pillar is set. What is not more stable soil, the deeper there should be a foundation. In some cases, bases have a 1,5-m blindness.
3. For each of the poles, the pit is digging, the size of which must be greater than the size of the pillar itself. The bottom of the sand and rubble pillow is stacked, which is thoroughly tamped. After that, the formwork is installed. Inside the foundation post is reinforced with a lattice of structural reinforcement.
4. After that, concrete is poured into the pillar. A columnar foundation can be both solid and combined. The second type provides a shortened concrete pillar and brickwork from above. Thus, it is possible to increase the height of the columns, without spending a lot of money on concrete, formwork and fittings.
5. The technology of the construction of a ribbon foundation is a little more complicated, however, the reliability of such a base is much superior to the column design. Thanks to her, it is possible to build a capital building from brick or slag block. Such a foundation is flooded with the main structure, but without dressing. The fact is that the veranda and the house have a different weight, and, accordingly, have a different pressure on the ground. So that a heavier building, having a big shrinkage, "pulled the" light veranda "between their foundations, leave a technological gap, about 40 mm.
6. To arrange a ribbon foundation, you need to dig a trench of the depth specified in the project. The width of the trench must be greater for normal formwork installation. Next on the bottom of the trench, the pillow of sand and rubble is pillow. It is thoroughly tamped. The bottomwork is installed on the bottom of the ditch, which is knocked out from the board.
7. There are two options for filling a belt foundation: monolithic reinforced and bootonabile. In the first, the reinforcement uses fittings, in the second - large butte stones. The last way is a little cheaper.
8. At the bottom of the trench poured concrete, then lay the stones with a layer of 100mm. Next, the process is repeated. The last layer is poured concrete without stones. After the fill, the concrete leaves to cool for several days. If the weather is hot, then the concrete must be watched by water so that it does not crack.
9. Before starting the construction of walls to the surface of the foundation, waterproofing is also stacked, usually from the rubberoid.

Construction of walls and roofs

For the construction of small veranda, wooden structures are usually used.

Her boring begins with the installation of draft floors. The procedure for holding these works is the following:

1. The first thing is the space between the foundation (with the ribbon design) is filled with clay and other bulk material (sometimes clay is used).
2. Then the foundation laid lags, pre-treated with anti-corrosion impregnation. Lag support serves the foundation and pillows. They are made from a large cross section. Pillows stacked waterproofing.
3. After laying the lag on them, a coating of a geepboard is covered with a thickness of at least 50 mm.
4. After the end of the edge of the draft floor, you can start setting the wall frame.
5. On the surface of the draft floor laid bars of lower strapping. They are connected using a straight lock. It is important that the lock lay on the foundation, primarily it concerns the columnar foundations. BRUSEV locking locks are necessarily fixed to the foundation using anchor bolts. All over the perimeter of the strapping bars, removing are made to install vertical racks. They are fixed with nails and brackets. On the upper end of the racks, the bars of the upper strapping are fixed, and the beam-run beam is installed on the roof wall. It is to her who will be attached rafters of a single-board roof.
6. The last step is to install a rafter system.
7. Wooden frame after installation must be treated with antiseptic.
8. Installation of the roof is not fundamentally different from such works in other buildings.
9. If the veranda provides the installation of windows, then at a certain height of the lower bar, a window bar is installed, which will form a window opening in a coupe with side racks.
10. In the same way, the frame of the doorway is enhanced. The location of the door of the veranda should not be located opposite the entrance door to the house, in this case the risk of drafts is increasing. It is better to arrange it in the end of the extension, then the cold air will not find ways to the residential premises.
11. The last stage in the construction of a small veranda from the tree will be the sheathing of the inner and outer surface of the walls. For the covering of the inner walls, Phaneur, drywall, laminated chipboard are used. For the external decoration of the walls, as a rule, use a wooden board, a professional flooring or plastic panels. Be sure to the inner part of the wall must be provided with thermal insulating material. For these purposes, mattes from mineral wool are best. They have excellent thermal conductivity indicators, no moisture is afraid.
12. After decoration of the walls, windows and doors are installed, the gaps between them and the case are filled with mounting foam.

Construction of a brick little veranda with their own hands

If this room is actively used in winter, it makes sense to build it from brick or blocks. In this case, only a belt foundation is suitable, and it should be more powerful than the foundation for the wooden veranda. That is why the cost of a small brick veranda is greater than frame.

Usually, the masonry is produced in one brick, with a mandatory dressing. Interior decoration can be performed by both plaster and other finishing materials.

Little veranda: photo

Little veranda: video