Laying window openings

The windows are a mandatory attribute of each construction of both commercial and domestic purposes. The construction of these structures should be treated with special scrupuls. The window opening of the brick must be performed in accordance with certain requirements. This will help preserve the performance characteristics of the building, such as noise insulation and thermal conductivity. In this article, we will consider all the subtleties of work on the laying of openings.

Features and appointment of structures

The condition of the window openings directly affects the illumination of the room, because The poor-quality laying will cause a lack of light. To properly cut the window opening, you need to have an idea of \u200b\u200bits standard characteristics.

In the traditional version, the opening has a rectangular shape. Strengthening the design provides the jumper in the upper part. This carrier element whose task is to transmit the load from the adjacent parts of the overlapping on the supports.

The nearest jumper must have the same heat insulating ability, like a wall. In order for this item evenly to take the load, it is necessary to carry out the width of the opening, the type of masonry, the width of the walls, the distance between the adjacent walls and the opening, the distance between the opening and the upper overlap.

For a stronger consolidation of the design, the space between the frame and the wall should be filled with the mounting foam. This material also provides additional thermal insulation. But foam has a certain disadvantage - it does not have resistant to the effects of ultraviolet rays. To prevent the destruction of the material over the course of two weeks after the completion of the work, the foam must be treated with a finishing material.

Window openings. Photo:

Features of the technological stage

Installation of window openings in a wall of bricks should be carried out with regard to certain rules. The main aspects should include the following:

1. Sucks (elements connecting the frame with the wall) should be coated with layer of plaster or tinted with plastic panels, siding or drywall material.
2. Inside, the slopes will sufficiently be treated with plaster composition, and they should be insulated outside. This can be done with the help of foam plane, which is placed between the outer finish and the wall.
3. The angle of opening of openings can be both direct and slightly turned outward. This technique allows you to make the room lighter.
4. Another important point is the installation from the outside of the inclined window sill, which will divert the precipitation. Parameters of the opening must match the dimensions of the glass package. In the opposite case, install the windows will not be possible, and additional events will be required.
5. The laying of window openings can be carried out both at the construction stage of the building and in the already erected walls. These processes have certain differences on execution technology.
6. Mounting work require a neat approach and accuracy, since even minor miscalculations may be negatively affected by the result. The opening should be several centimeters in size to exceed the window block. If parameters are not compliance, the situation will have to be corrected using seals.
7. Along with the practical functions, the openings also perform a decorative task, so the masonry must also correspond to the aesthetic requirements. In the process of work, you need to carefully track the horizontal location of the base for the future window sill and the verticality of the planes of the opening of the sides. A plunder and level will help to cope with this task. The plumb can be made independently by applying cord and cargo for this.

Laying window opening of brick

Window opening in most cases is done after two layers of five rows. Under the submap board stacked a twitch row. The location of the opening, thus, corresponds to the 14th row of masonry. The first row must be laid so that the edge edges correspond to the vertical seam of the wall.
To build a window opening, you will need to prepare such a toolkit:

• bulgarian and disk for stone processing;
• level;
• hammer;
• kelmu;
• extender;
• plumb;
• cord;
• rule;
• corolnic;
• roulette.

The workmark process is performed in such a sequence of actions:

1. First, the masonry of the walls on both sides of the opening should be brought to the necessary height.
2. Then, to connect opposite parts of the opening at the top you need to install a jumper. This can be done using a metal corner or a concrete element.
3. If you have chosen a way to use the corner, then you should consider the following features:

• before applying, the entire surface of this element must be treated with a special anti-corrosion agent, which is applied with a conventional brush;
• when choosing the width of such a corner, you should navigate the thickness of the walls, but this indicator should not be less than 120 mm;
• to determine the desired length of the element, you need to proceed from the width of the opening. This indicator needs to add 200 mm;
• in case of properly determining the parameters of the corner, when it is installed on each side, a proact of 100 mm is formed;
• next, the corner should be put on the window opening. Thus, the basis will be formed, the presence of which will allow to continue the laying of the wall.

4. To make a concrete element need to be placed on the opening board, then mount the formwork. The reinforcing strapping is placed inside, then a concrete composition is poured into the formwork. The solution must be frozen, after which you can remove the formwork. The advantage of this method is its economy. But in this case, the work will take longer than when using the corner.
5. For subsequent laying, it is necessary to prepare a brick from which you need to cut off the fourth part. This measure is necessary for the brick does not speak over the wall. It does not carry any danger to masonry, but it will look pretty unattractive. For cutting should be used by a brandy with a stone disk. Also from bricks you need to cut down the lower angle, which is directed to the corner. This will facilitate the stacking.
6. After the bricks are prepared by them can be stacked over the corner. Initially, this is done without the use of the solution.
7. When laying, you need to observe a certain distance between the bricks. To do this, work should be performed using a metal bar with a diameter of 10 mm, the use of which will allow you to control the width of the seam. Brick window openings made in compliance with this rule will have a more aesthetic appearance.
8. Next, it is necessary on the reverse side of the corner. It is necessary to outline the locations of the seams, after which the brick can be removed.
9. At the next stage, focusing on the markup, you can start laying bricks using a solution. It is necessary to ensure that the location of the bricks corresponds to the horizontal line. As a reference, you can pull the cord.
10. After completing the styling of the seams, you should process the extender (special tool). In conclusion, clean the laying and remove the residues of the solution.

Installing window openings in the erected wall

This method will allow you to mount the opening in an existing wall. For work it is necessary to prepare the following tools:

• peak;
• scrap;
• hammer;
• sledgehammer;
• bulgarian;
• jackhammer;
• triangle;
• perforator;
• roulette;
• level;
• timber bar;
• chisel.

The process of laying the opening is carried out in such a sequence of actions:

1. First of all, you need to mark the markup. This procedure assumes the designation of the location of all jumpers and holes. This type of work is performed using a triangle. The jumper should be located so that its top edge is in the bottom row of brickwork.
2. After applying these marks to each edge of the jumper, add 15 cm. This distance will be required to accommodate the supports, with which the jumpers will be fixed. To make the jumper need reinforced concrete beams or steel profile items.
3. Next is installed support. At the same time, between it and the wall, it is necessary to observe the distance of 70-80 cm.
4. After the supporting element is installed, a wood bar is stacked on it, which will distribute the load.
5. On the outside of the wall, it is necessary to make marks, according to which the beams will be placed.
6. In order for these markers to transfer the wall surface to the inner surface of the wall. Studs are inserted into the resulting holes, which on both sides should be supported by supports.
7. Now the support must be fixed. This can be done using nails that are clogged into the studs and boards of support.
8. At the next stage, with the help of a chisel and the hammer, it is necessary to remove the layer of plaster over the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe future opening. From all sides, 3 cm is added additionally.
9. After removing plaster, you can proceed to the disassembly of bricks. Work should be started at the location of the jumper. Then you need to insert the beam.
10. All bricks that act should be corrected.
11. After the jumper is installed, with the help of the grinder it is done. This action will allow to level the edge of the opening and facilitates the subsequent processing.
12. On this window, the windows in the brick wall is ready, you can install windows and finish.

Method of expansion of the opening

Often, during operation, the construction arises the need to increase the size of window openings. This procedure is quite simple in implementing, but the work should be started with support for the main jumper. Then actions occur in such a sequence:

1. With the help of a cement mixture, new stains are laid out.
2. After pouring the composition, you can start expansion.
3. If the wall under the jumper does not have sufficient carrier ability, the jumper should additionally be restarted. Brick under the fifth fit into the cement composition of high strength.
4. If you need to create one opening from two windows, you need to eliminate the simpleness between them. To do this, remove the former boxes.
5. It is also necessary to rest the jumpers in the openings.
6. Next, a new jumper is created using a steel beam, which is placed on both sides.
7. Sleepy connecting two windows should be taped. Support must be placed so that it corresponds to the level of overlap.
8. To install the support blocks from the outside of the walls, holes are made. The distance between the wall above the beams and shelves on these beams must be exposed. These actions are also carried out on the inside.
9. Then the simpleness is sacrificed, the backups and racks are removed.
10. This main part of the work completed. Now you need to restore the damaged finish and install a new frame with a plaster composition.

Extended openings need finish after mounting window blocks. This stage involves seaming seams, additional isolation, reinforcement of a new window, as well as decorative design. All work must be performed with the outer and inside of the building.

How to lay the opening

In some cases, it becomes necessary to bookmark the window opening. Such a need can be due to an uncomfortable location, as a result of which it is not possible to optimally use the useful area of \u200b\u200bthe room or arrange a room in a certain style. In the process of bookmarking, you need to consider such moments as: heat and sound insulation, internal and exterior decoration. The most optimal option will be the use of the material for this purpose from which the wall is elevated.

Materials will be needed for bookmarks:

• cement-sand composition;
• bricks;
• solution tank;
• master OK.

After laying each brick, you need to check the surface of the wall using a level. Then you need to correct the locations of the chips. Place of bookmarks should be firmly connected to the wall. To do this, use reinforcing materials when working. The insulation of the room can be ensured using slaughter or rolled insulation, as well as the heat-insulating plaster composition.

Conclusion

The quality of the subsequent installation of window blocks depends on the opening of the opening. Therefore, when working, you need to adhere to certain rules and standards. The technological process includes several stages and requires compliance with high accuracy, since a slight deviation from the norm causes difficulties with the subsequent installation of windows. Also, the appearance of the openings significantly affects the aesthetic design of the entire building. Therefore, when completing masonry, maximum accuracy should be exercised.

Features of the installation of window openings in a wooden house are shown in the video: