By purchasing water filters, you need to understand that today it will not be possible to buy a universal device, suitable for all types of apartments, because such aggregates simply do not exist. Different water purifiers are designed for various types of pollution. Moreover, for each of them a certain method of water purification is used. In addition, different filters have different performance. About how to choose such a device - further.
Content
Criterias of choice
It is more correct to choose a device for cleaning according to certain criteria. One of them is considered a chemical analysis, thanks to which you can get a quantitative assessment of the degree of pollution of your water. There is a reduced analysis, which is made only 10-14 indicators. There are still extended options - they are performed at 14-35 indicators. The choice of one or another specific analysis depends on the desire and availability of funds. Be that as it may, as a result, you will be issued a certificate that can be shown to filter specialists. The same applies to the purchase of aquaphor water filter.
It should be said that companies operate on the market of such equipment that the water analysis is not needed to select the cleaning instrument. They will have enough information about the region of your stay. Such manufacturers have a certain statistics, using which the manager can quickly choose the optimal water filter for your locality. But such companies today are quite small. That is why both the owners of private houses located outside the city and for residents of urban apartments are still better not to forget to conduct Himanalysis before buying a filter for water. What to choose from them, you will decide for yourself.
Another important criterion is the desired amount of water you want to receive during the operation of the device. Calculate this indicator is quite simple. So, the calculation takes what an average person consumes from 2 to 2.7 liters of water. This number is multiplied by the number of people in the house. It turns out the minimum amount of water required per day for the whole family. But it is best that if the filter is able to issue two times or even three times more if necessary. The fact is that the need for fluid cannot be called uniform. Perhaps it will be needed more, for example, when guests arrive.
The quality of water is not as simple as it may seem. If you need to simply die with a liquid, by removing a pair of harmful components from it, then you need one simple configuration filter. For example, for apartments in high-rise buildings, the water filter "Barrier" is suitable. Completely other requirements are presented to the device, which should give water to the maximum cleaning. This requires another filter or a complex for filtering water consisting of several devices. To be confident in your choice, you should figure out the cleaning methods used today.
Managers selling filters for water to identify harmful substances entering the human body when he drinks crude water, show experience with glass tap water. As a result of electrolysis, fluid in a short period of time becomes dirty, a layered precipitate of a greenish shade appears. After such a experience, similar manipulations are done with water purified by the alleged high-quality filter. Many here bribe the fact that as a result of a similar experiment, the fluid remains almost crystal clear. After all, there are thoughts on the various health problems associated with the low quality of the water supply in the water supply. Therefore, people blindly trust, acquire a religious device, although in fact he may not be the highest quality.
Water purification specificity
To find out which water filter to choose for home, first of all, you should figure out how they work. Below will look at various water purification methods that have found their use in household appliances:
- The easiest way is the filtering that allows you to clean the liquid from various mechanical impurities (for example, sand, large dust particles and rust). The filtering element for these devices are porous and fibrous materials. As for the performance of such devices, it, like the degree of cleaning the device, largely depends on the ratio of the values \u200b\u200bof the pore diameter and the size of the mechanical particles present in the purified water. It should be noted that the filtering material, the pore diameter in which the less values \u200b\u200bof 0.43 μm is able to delay the particles of bacteria, due to which it allows you to disinfect water, and not only clean from mechanical impurities. This relates to appliances from different manufacturers, for example, to filter water "Fibos" et al.
- The filters also use the ion exchange method. It implies the replacement of undesirable ions to neutral. For example: Magnesium and calcium ions through the specifics of the exchange can be replaced with light sodium ions, which will make water softer. The highly particulate liquid in its composition has heavy metals and fluorides, which, if necessary, can also be removed by such devices. In addition, due to this method of purification, water is enriched with some substances, such as iodine and fluorine. Filters using the ion exchange method, you need a periodic replacement of filtering elements and, therefore, requires a stock of certain reagents. When buying such an appliance, you need to clarify whether it is possible to acquire these reagents as needed. And there is a mode of self-regeneration.
- Another popular method of cleaning is sorption. It is a removal of harmful chemicals from the water. This method, for example, can help eliminate an unpleasant smell and make the taste of water better. As absorbing materials (sorbents), activated carbon is used in most filters. Whatever the sorbent is applied, the area of \u200b\u200bits water contact directly affects the effectiveness of cleaning. In order for the filter material to be microorganisms, disinfecting reagents are applied to its particles (for example, iodine and silver ions). It is worth saying that any sorbent is limited by the number of pollution that it can absorb. This concept is called "Capacity". Different sorbents have respectively different capacity indicators. When this resource is wearing, the efficiency of the device is reduced. Moreover, such a filter can, on the contrary, pollute the water with harmful substances that absorbed earlier.
- Perhaps one of the best ways to clean the reverse osmosis method is considered. In this case, the liquid is purified by passage through a semipermeable membrane. The pores of such a membrane may reach from 15 to 500 nm. In the construction of such devices is provided pump, which serves to create a high pressure required for the filtering process itself. Depending on the pore diameter, reverse osmosis filtration can purify the water or partially implement the substantially complete removal of any impurities from the water. It is through such devices can be obtained from sea water fresh. The greater productivity of the filter, the higher its value. Therefore, they are often used in large water systems, namely, for final water purification.
It is important today is not only clean but also disinfect water. For this example, using ozone and ultraviolet irradiation. Sometimes the silver ions or iodine are used. When the water is purified by these methods, it is still further need to pass through the device with the sorbent (e.g. activated carbon). For example, such as a water filter "Atoll". It is necessary to remove from the liquid decomposition products, rust and harmful microorganisms.
Classification of cleaning devices
Today, there are so many varieties of cleaning devices. Let us consider some of the water filters and their photos.
So, it is quite popular in the home filter jugs. This is the most primitive device with a small degree of filtering. Their main goal is to purify the water from chlorine and odors. In part, they can make the water softer. Thanks to the compactness and portability, these devices can be used successfully at home, in the office and take them with you on a business trip. One cartridge usually enough to clean to 280 liters of water. Therefore, it is necessary to change about once in 1.5 months. For such devices the maximum purification rate is 20 microns.
Of the advantages it is worth noting:
- Portability.
- The device need not be connected to the water supply.
- It is very easy to use.
- His job is not to control.
The disadvantages are:
- A small degree of purification.
- Small amounts of water to be purified.
The amount of water obtained as a result of the operation can not be greater than the volume of the jug itself, and it is usually small - no more than 2 liters. Cooking on average requires about 4 liters of water. Therefore, such a device will need to be filled with water to filter at least two times. This is very uncomfortable. Nevertheless, this filter is perhaps the best for those limited by their budget, or with small kitchen sizes.
Flowing filters installed on washing. They are usually put next to the crane. To start cleaning, tap water should be passed through an attached flexible hose.
"Strong" sides:
- Such devices are good because they have good performance. So, for example, in just one minute, this water purifier can give up to 1.5 liters of water.
- In addition, these filters do not require individual containers for purified water.
Disadvantages:
- Such devices occupy a lot of space near the washing.
- We still have no need to forget that it will be necessary to connect it every time and disconnect from the crane after filtration.
Tight nozzles. These are low-size filters, which, as clear from their name, dress directly on the crane.
Pros of similar products:
- The price of filters for water is small.
- Has mobility. It is possible to take a filter with you on the road.
- Not bad quality filtering.
Disadvantages:
- The sorbent has a relatively small volume. This makes such devices not always convenient in operation.
- Low performance. So, one liter can be obtained about only a couple of minutes after the start of filtration.
- In addition, an additional container will be required, where all the water passed will be collected.
Such instruments include the "Trio" water filter.
Flowing filters mounted under the sink. They are devices that are embedded in the plumbing. They themselves are usually located under the sink, and it goes on additional crane from which the purified water will flow. Cartridges of this device requires no more change than once in six months. We turn to the performance. Thus, the maximum purification rate of from 0.05 to 1 micron. Shortcomings, as in other types of devices, here are a few, but still the most important of them is - the high cost of such products Stationary filters preferred by people who failed to understand how valuable health purified water.
Reverse osmosis systems. This is definitely the best filters for water, and that says it all. The liquid passing through devices with such specific cleaning becomes not only softer and deprived of harmful impurities, such as iron, rust and chlorine, but it is still disinfected, i.e. Harmful bacteria and viruses are removed from it. Included with such filters, there is usually a cartridge system that allows you to produce initial water purification. In addition, a special membrane and an element for final liquid cleaning is present in the configuration.
Such devices can also be equipped with a mineralizer, which makes it possible to enrich water with useful substances, such as iodine. She really becomes useful. The maximum degree of cleaning for such devices is 0.0001 microns. Operation is also quite convenient. You can change the membrane, for example, only once every three years, and the cartridges once a year. Buying such water treatment devices - luxury, taking into account their cost. But, nevertheless, they pay off quickly enough. After all, you can forget about the problem of water purification.
Hot water cleaning devices
Hot water similarly needs cleaning, but simple filters will not cope with this task. We need special devices, such as "Expert" water filters. The underlying condition for their work is to exist high temperatures. For cleaning hot water, for example, the so-called trunk filters that can be made both from stainless steel and from heat-resistant plastic are used. Water is filtered through a fine metal mesh. More to filter can be used polyester cartridges. Cleaning mesh cells reach 80-320 microns. Such a system serves only for pre-cleaning. Therefore, it is not effective for filtering technical water.
It is very convenient when you can quickly and easily clean the grid in the filter. For this, devices usually equipped with an additional crane. Filtering can use non-woven polyester devices. The sizes of cells should then be from 19 to 6 microns. Today, such devices are widely used for high-quality water purification from various suspended particles (rust, large dust, sand or scale).
It should be said that the existing filters for hot water are allowed to install on the cold water highway - they will cope without any problems with their task. But use the usual aggregates for cleaning hot water. The fact is that they were not calculated to work at high temperatures. Hot water can disrupt the tightness of such devices, which is why the device will flow.
