What varnish covers wooden floor

Aesthetic appeal to the wooden floor, while maintaining the unique pattern of wood, and also protect it from negative mechanical and other exposure through a multi-layer varnish coating. However, the choice of materials and carrying out this procedure is associated with a mass of nuances, the ignorance of which will lead to poor-quality coverage and in vain the spent time, because they will have to remove the thickness of the varnish and start the whole process again.

Criteria for choosing varnish

Before purchasing a wooden floor lacquer, you need to pay high attention to the following criteria:

• wood breed. Wooden floor, built of oak, beech is desirable to process with the use of varnishes with elastic composition;

• operational conditions. Most varnishes have a predominance of a certain property over the other indicators, therefore it is worth choosing a varnish or with high moisture resistance, or with a high degree of wear resistance, etc.;

• compatibility of varnish with the estimated surface. The breed of exotic trees often slow down the rejection process, so it is necessary to initially take care of the surface processing with additional cutting soil;

• the possibility of subsequent coating update to another composition. Some types of varnishes, with layering on each other, can significantly spoil the appearance of the coating of cracks, bubbles and other troubles. That this does not happen, it is necessary to know exactly what the surface was treated earlier or produce a thorough floor cyclum;

• type of room. For the bathroom, the kitchen is ideal for lacquer on a polyurethane or urethane-alkyd basis, having a high indicator of moisture resistance and wear resistance. For the nursery it is worth stopping the choice on a varnish coating, which is based on water. For the corridor, the living room needs to look for varnishes, providing high resistance to abrasion.

Thus, it is necessary to take care of the full awareness of these issues in advance, even if you have to call the seller of the acquired house to clarify some issues.

Types of varnish, their characteristics

The variety of varnishes, designed to cover wooden surfaces, differ in many signs, therefore, facing the need to choose, it comes to a completely reasonable question, which varnish covers the wooden floor.

Based on the composition, for the processing of wooden surfaces, suitable:

1. Polyurethane varnishes, the basis of which polyurethane performs, differ in high moisture resistance, as well as increased strength, which allows them to be used in rooms with a very high level of humidity. Under the influence of moderate deformations, the elasticity of the varnish prevents the appearance of cracks on the details of a complex configuration.

Advantages:

• resistance to most of both organic and inorganic acids;
• the possibility of introducing additional dyes to change the initial shade of varnish;
• high degree of adhesion with any materials;
• lack of deformation in the influence of ultraviolet rays;
• resistance to abrasion, mechanical damage;
• the ability to withstand from extremely low to very high temperatures (from -50 to +100 ° C);
• speed of drying;
• ease of application;
• durability of the coating.

Disadvantages:

• minor release of toxic substances during the application and rejection of varnish;
• pretty high cost.

2. Acrylic varnishes are produced on a water basis, which indicates an environmentally friendly material. However, the low index of moisture resistance prevents the flooring in rooms requiring frequent wet cleaning. In the process of working with acrylic varnish it is necessary to ensure the humidity of the room within 50% for uniform rejection of the coating. At the same time, increase the strength to mechanical effects, reduce the drying period of the applied layer of varnish helps add a hardener, although the ecology of the varnish will noticeably decrease.

Pros:

• quite acceptable strength and elasticity;
• when applying and hardening the shade, and the texture of sexual coat is not modified;
• absolute nonopication;
• high adhesion to the tree;
• good spreading on the surface;
• relatively high cost.

Minuses:

• the service life depends on the intensity of movement on the lacquered surface and the microclimate of the room;
• long dries.

3. Polyurethane-acrylic varnishes are significantly lagging behind all the characteristics of polyurethane, due to the entry into the composition of acrylic elements. However, polyurethane-acrylic varnishes are quite suitable for flooring in a room with a low level of passability at a fairly affordable price.

4. Alkyd varnishes are a mixture of alkyd resins with solvents of organic origin, as a result of which such varnishes are considered quite an environmentally friendly composition. However, most varnishes are used with the addition of hardeners that reduce the drying of the coating from 3 to 1 day, which causes a sharper smell requiring the respirator's equipment in the process of applying to the surface.

Advantages:

• good moisture resistance, wear resistance;
• resistance to some acids, most detergents;
• ultraviolet resistance;
• quickly hardened;
• a small operational period.

Disadvantages:

• reduction of the varnish layer in the process of evaporation of solvents;
• essential oils that are released in the process of applying to hardening form an unpleasant odor in the room;
• the need for constant ventilation to complete drying.

5. Urethane varnishes are manufactured both on a water basis and based on the resins of synthetic origin, which significantly affects the environmental friendliness of the material and the need to use the respirator in the process of applying the composition to the surface.

Advantages:

• burning resistance;
• moisture resistance;
• high elasticity;
• nonseasing;
• relatively high resistance to abrasion;
• chemical resistance;
• speed of hardening (about 12 hours);
• available cost.

Disadvantages:

• selection of toxins until clarification.

6. Uretanovo-alkyd varnishes have absorbed all the advantages of alkyd and urethane groups, forming an improved composition of operational qualities.

Compared with alkyd varnishes, uretanovo-alkyd possesses:

• greater strength to mechanical damage;
• increased moisture resistance;
• increased wear resistance.

Disadvantages:

• the price is an order of magnitude greater than the cost of both urethane and alkyd varnishes.

7. Nitrolaci, based on combination of nitrocellulose, volatile solvents, plasticizers and resins, are a rather toxic composition. In this case, the properties of nitroquacies depend on the resin introduced into certain indicators. Most often, the varnish is used as a primer in front of the main lacquer coating, as it perfectly clogs the pores of wooden surfaces, giving it excellent water repellent characteristics.

Pros:

• high strength;
• rapid grasp and drying;
• low cost.

Minuses:

• low weather resistance;
• wooden flooring with varnish requires increased efficiency;
• high fire hazard;
• the need for frequent renewal of the coating due to the peeling of varnish after a short period of operation.

8. Oil varnishes containing oils and resins of plant origin, organic solvents, are divided into skinny, fatty and medium. All types of oil varnishes are distinguished by various operational qualities and application area. As a wooden lacquer, the price of which is not very high, the average oil compositions are ideal.

Advantages:

• high elasticity of the coating;
• good electrical insulating qualities;
• moisture resistance;
• relative hardness;
• well to grinding;
• acceptable cost.

Disadvantages:

• in the process of cursing, it is necessary to observe the immutability of the microclimate;
• duration of drying;
• when applied varnish, natural texture of the tree is partially closed.

9. Epoxy varnishes are a compound of epoxy resins with organic solvents, hardeners and other additives, forming a toxic composition. At the same time, the release of harmful substances into the atmosphere occurs even after the coating is rejected for 3-4 days.

Pros:

• high moisture protection;
• resistance to mechanical damage, chemical impact;
• speed of rejection;
• low cost.

Minuses:

• low weather resistance;
• when using varnish, it is necessary to have a respirator;
• being in the room during the discharge of toxins poses a serious health hazard.

10. The alcohol compound represented lacquers of various kinds of resins with ethanol, forming a rather liquid composition. Typically, the first layer 2 to serve as a primer, penetrating deep into the structure, the application of each coat of varnish is preceded by thorough grinding already deposited layer. Thus, the wooden floor surface is brought to almost perfectly flat.

Advantages:

• no toxicity;
• ease of application;
• speed of drying;
• low cost.

Disadvantages:

• the low level of water resistance;
• relative durability.

Based on the foregoing, the modern market is full of a variety of paints, suitable for coating wood surfaces, so choose a suitable lacquer, both on the financial side, and in terms of the required performance, will not be difficult.

How to paint a wooden floor varnish

Quality coating wood floor varnish is performed in several stages, incomplete if not followed, could result in a fatal error.

surface preparation

1. Clear the room of all furniture standing on the floor.
2. Score strongly protruding from the floor nails, remove exfoliated chips.
3. Damaged planks must be immediately replaced.
4. Putty repaired even minor cracks.
5. Gvozdeva mask or self tapping holes by a mixture of wood chips in combination with the joiner's glue and allowed to dry completely.
6. If necessary, any solvent to remove the resin.
7. Sand the floor to a flat surface using alternating nazhdachku from coarse to fine.
8. Thoroughly vacuum the floor.
9. If there are defects repeat the grinding process and then vacuumed.
10. Rinse the floor with a little non-aggressive detergent and leave to dry.

floor primer

Before direct varnishing the entire floor surface is better primed using, for example, nitrocellulose lacquer, in order to avoid browning of the floor surface when spraying either poor hardening due to the possible content of inhibitors in the tree. In addition, a primer is needed for better adhesion of lacquer to a tree and improve the quality of moisture repellent.

After drying, the undercoating layer can proceed to a direct spray of lacquer.

Paint wooden floor varnish

Varnished floor is made:

• at a temperature of 20-25 ° C;
• brush with artificial bristles, preventing molting;
• bare feet, which leave the least trace;
• using the microfiber cloth to remove footprint from the surface before directly applying the varnish;
• from a long corner to exit.

Procedure for performing work:

• apply a layer of varnish, following the location of the fibers, thoroughly smearing the composition on the surface;
• wait for the screwdriver and depart the coating of a large sandpaper using circular movements;
• speaching, wipe the floor with a damp cloth and give to dry;
• apply a re-layer of varnish;
• after 2 weeks, to obtain the perfect coating, the surface can be polished.

Useful advice

1. Keep the brush or roller during the drying period of the next lacquer layer, it is possible using a cloth moistened in a solvent, after which it is removed to remove the brush wrapped in a rag into a cellophane bag and make a good tie to the solvent to be disappeared.
2. The manifestation of whitens on the lacquer coating testifies to the accumulation of moisture. To eliminate the problem, the area must be treated with a solvent and open lacquer again.
3. You can get rid of bubbles on the surface of the applied varnish layer by spending on the board with a sharp end of the brush.
4. The leakage of the lacquer layer during the hole is removed by grinding, followed by a varnish coating.
5. If the lacquer does not clarify the term specified on the label, then possible:

• the varnish is incorrectly selected relative to the surface covered, it means that it is necessary to increase the air temperature in the room;
• a smaller amount of hardener is added to the composition, rather than designated on the package, so the applied layer must be glued and apply a new lacquer coating;
• with high humidity - it is necessary to increase the ventilation.

Thus, to the question of how to cover the wooden floor of the lacquer, you can answer that this is a rather complicated process that requires the masses of time and forces, but the final result is such diligence.