A primer - a liquid made up of mineral fillers and organic or inorganic binding ingredients. It is used for preliminary, starting area processing before finishing. The durability of the putty of the putty layer with the base surface depends on the primitive mixture: resistance to stratification and exfoliation, water -repellent, mechanical strength, aesthetic appearance of the upper layer. The soil is the main component factor in the technological process of finishing, repair, preparatory work.
Content
How to choose a primer according to the characteristics of the component of the basis
The basic surface should firmly hold the coating. For these purposes, a primer is used, the characteristics of which meet the main requirements: deep penetration and improved adhesion with subsequent layers.
Uniform application of paint, putty, plaster, glue for wallpaper or tiles is possible precisely after priming the working surface. The choice of suitable primer is made according to the following criteria:
1. From the characteristics of the basis. It happens:
- little absorption,
- absorbing,
- highly absorption.
Supervaling-pervalitating primer is used.
2. From the front of work:
- for preparation,
- alignment,
- increase or decrease in moisture -feeding,
- increased adhesion to the base layer.
Universal surface soils are used.
Industrial soils are divided into groups for their purpose:
- Primary preparation of basic grounds.
- Increased grip between the base layer and the finishing.
- Superficial soil mixture.
- Penetrating soil.
Classification according to the binding ingredients or on the basis of:
1. Acrylic. Water -soluble primer for universal use. Designed to cover new and old plasters, cement, concrete, brick, wood surfaces, DBP, DCP.
Plus funds:
- weak smell
- fast drying.
Cons:
- it does not protect the surface of ferrous metals.
2. Alkyd. The optimal tool for processing wood areas. “Loosen” the structure, increases the susceptibility of finishing coatings.
It is divided into two types:
- based on zinc-phosphate. Anti -corrosion drug is applied as the basis for alkyd dyes;
- the basis with a chroma-toe. It has a wide area of \u200b\u200boperation, not only on wood surfaces.
Advantages of the drug:
- drying the layer up to 15 hours,
- manages to penetrate deeply into the structure of the processed site,
- it gives an uniform distribution on vertical and horizontal planes.
Flaws:
- inability to use at gypsum objects.
3. Sliced. Refers to starting soils for metal structures. Disadvantage: a long drying period - 1 day, is not used for medium and high humidity.
4. Mineral, on a cement basis. It is used for starting processing, correction of the surface of internal foam concrete, brick, gas silicate, expanded clay pushes.
Advantages: quickly fills the voids and porosity.
Disadvantages: not used for processing wood, PBX surfaces.
5. chlorwinyl. The universal composition of the drug is created for high -quality processing of metal products and planes. It falls well on the plaster of the brick and concrete surface even at temperatures - 50.
Advantages: forms the strength of the coating to temperature differences, quickly dries - 1 hour.
Disadvantages: not used for internal work.
6. Polyvinyl acetate. Specific spectrum of application. Used as a basis for polyvinyl acetate paint.
Advantages: quickly dries at a temperature of 20-240, less than half an hour.
Disadvantage: a narrow spectrum of application.
7. Polystyrene. It falls well on the plaster and wood.
Disadvantage: the composition contains a toxic thinner, the use of the room is limited.
8. Phenol. Designed for the starting finish of wood and a clean surface of metals.
Advantages: dries quickly, protects against moisture and corrosion.
Disadvantages: Contains volatile organics, dries from 10 to 12 hours for a long time.
Which primer to choose for a wood surface
For wood, several types of soil are used:
- Standard. The basis is an organic solvent. The preferred drug for the decoration of natural and artificial wood coatings. A layer of dried soil does not allow other layers of decoration to be absorbed into the wood.
- On a water basis with acrylic. Plus this drug in the absence of a sharp unpleasant odor. It quickly dries, does not form a pomp on the plane.
- Aluminum. A specific primer intended for applying a specific tree of a tree: tick, coniferous, deciduous with increased resinity, Africanumes.
- For wood -fiber slabs DBP, MDF. Pressed products are very poorly absorbed by the applied solutions. Masters always have difficulties in the selection of soils. A highly specialized primer based on water, created for building materials with low adhesion, penetrates well into the pores of pressed wood, does not slide from the surface, and is easily applied.
Which primer to choose for masonry made of concrete or brick
Concrete and brick masonry have a cellular spatial system. There are specialized soils to process surfaces of these materials:
- Anti -Great. Building materials contain a greater concentration of alkalis. This drug is resistant to an aggressive alkaline environment and substances, reduces the negative effects of the caust and prevents it from destroying the coating of the finish.
- Surface stabilizer. It is used as a binder for crumbling, peeling building materials, limits the absorption of the old plaster surface, stabilizes the voluminous and previous layer of the base, and strengthens its structure. Industry produces soil in the form of a transparent or white solution. An ideal tool for processing lime areas intended for applying emulsions or facade dyes.
- A primer for concrete. A feature of the characterization of a concrete surface is a porosity with a low clutch indicator. It is very difficult to apply and maintain a decoration layer of more than 0.5 cm on a vertical concrete wall. The processing and sealing of the concrete surface with this soil increases the properties of adhesion, allows you to apply a thick layer of new plaster, and prevents the subsequent sowing of the finish. It is applied in the usual way: brush, roller, spray gun.
- Distilled water-repellent. The cellular surface of the clutches has a large moisture -feeding characteristic. To increase the water -repellent properties of masonry, a primer is used. The quality of the application process is facilitated by adding an unstable dye to the drug. It helps to apply a primer to the site without Prolysin. Drying, the dye becomes transparent or bleaching.
- The drug for repulsion of dirt. It is used to improve the aesthetic type of frontal surfaces. The drug is applied on top of the paint on the masonry. The transparent protective layer of the drug contributes to the flat sketching of sediments vertically, prevents the formation of dirty drones, reduces the sticking and precipitation of dirt.
- Superflowing alcohol. The primer is designed to mask problem spots on the painted surface. It has a white color, it masks the dark emerging spots well, and prevents their protrusion on new finishing layers. A universal remedy for applying wood processed by Creesot, Goodron, Bitum. As a solvent to the primer, a denaturate is used. Fresh layer after 10 minutes becomes dry to the touch. Complete drying occurs after half an hour.
How to choose a primer for metal
The primer for metal has the main purpose - protection against corrosion. The composition of soils for metal surfaces necessarily includes rust inhibitors.
Industrial preparations for processing:
- Iron alkydragus. The most famous of the ground protective liquids. Used for all metal and steel surfaces. To create a reliable base for the finish, it is enough to apply one layer of suicar.
- Water -based soil. A rapidly dry liquid is used to treat the surfaces of most metals. It is applied directly to the fresh prepared metal surface. It is not used on galvanized surfaces.
- Anti -corrosion. It is used on metal surfaces with deep damage to rust. Before applying the drug from the old surface, loose oxidized pieces are cleaned.
- Universal zinc and phosphate. Used for colored and black metal surfaces. It lies well and interacts with galvanizing and aluminum.
- For galvanized metal. Galing is considered a problem surface due to low adhesion. Any finishing layer applied: putty, paint, lie unevenly, slide, do not give an even layer. A primer with the addition of zinc phosphates and an anti -corrosion substance forms a passivating film on a processed galvanized surface, increases surface roughness to the subsequent application of paint or putty, and provides corrosion protection.
- A primer for the radiator. It is used for additional protection, on top of the factory layer of primer, before painting. Protects cast iron from corrosion, increases heat transfer, increases the adhesion with paint. It is selected the same with the paint of the brand by manufacturers.
How to choose a primer or porcelain
When working with artificial materials, you often have to look for a tool for masking spots, and processing from mold fungi. For these purposes, the industry produces fluorer, primer, unified, specialized composition:
- For polyvinyl chloride plastic, PVC. Used to update window and door frames from PVC. Provides good adhesion of the upper layer of finish. It is used to process the junction of a plastic frame with concrete for subsequent application of paint or decorative gypsum decoration.
- For ceramic tiles. Nanogruntovs. Used in production of ceramic tiles. Provide good adhesion of paint with gloss, enhance protection against mechanical microuds, prevent the stratification of the finishing layers on the surface of ceramics.
- For melamine. Used for small household repair work of kitchen furniture. It is used as the basis for glossy or semi -water paint.
- For masking spots. A universal remedy that allows a qualitatively mask on the finished surface difficult spots from nicotine, stains on the ceiling from leakage, stains and “rusty” spots from plumbing. Serves as the basis for emulsion or oil paint.
- For wet spots. Decorative primer. It does not eliminate the cause of the course, but it is well masked by gray molds on the walls, the ceiling indoors.
- Universal. To carry out large -scale work of priming large surfaces heterogeneous on the material: concrete, brick walls, wood or PVC skirting boards, rosemers from oak, ash, pine or PVC, metal and brick surfaces.
How to buy a primer profitable
The presentation of a profitable purchase is at the discretion of their budget. The modern field of service in the Internet space is the most comfortable and attractive for wholesale procurement, the acquisition of small batches. All goods in the online store are equipped with a detailed description of manufacturers and the composition of the product. Recommendations are given on the use and safety precautions of work. The online store of construction chemistry is suitable for people with allergies to smells. The goods are presented visually in full, clearly visible, but without accompanying aromas.
The cost of soils depends on the brand of the manufacturer, composition and volume of packing. For example, a Ukrainian manufacturer offers universal primers, the price of which for 5 liters or 10 kg from $ 15 to $ 30. The primer of imported production will be 5-25% higher.
High-quality preparation of areas for the subsequent application of materials is an important final step to maintain the main coating, it is not worth neglecting this stage of construction and final work.
