Rosettes are not only internal, but also external. Despite its shortcomings, the installation of this type of socket is still relevant. This is due to several factors, which we will talk about further, and at the same time we will consider the installation technology from “A” to “I”.
Content
The expediency of the use of external sockets
The main distinguishing feature of the outer outlet is that all its elements are located in the case. Therefore, it is screwed directly to the wall without the installations of the socket. On the one hand, this simplifies the work, on the other, it has clear disadvantages:
- unsightly appearance,
- susceptibility to mechanical damage,
- unprotected connection of the electric cable,
- the risk of teaching a shock in the event of contact release,
- accelerated wear of fasteners and bases.
It was these factors that led to the fact that in the houses it is customary to install internal sockets. Not, in garages, sheds, utility rooms or greenhouses, it is often impossible to establish a full -fledged internal outlet. In addition, under an outer outlet, it is not even necessary to make a stroke, just fix the cabin with cloves to the wall or hide it in a protective box
Another indisputable plus is the cost. On average, the outer outlet will cost $ 1-3. Manufacturers do not stand still and constantly improve the appearance of external sockets. Therefore, it is appropriate to talk about their varieties.
Types of external sockets
It is customary to distinguish the following groups:
- standard outlets are single,
- standard outlet outdoors double,
- standard external protection sockets,
- decorative external sockets.
All of them are both with grounding, and without it. In fact, grounding is necessary only in two cases:
- if the outer outlet is mounted in a metal garage,
- if a decorative outer outlet is mounted.
Next, we will consider each of the species in detail:
- Standard external sockets are a plastic container in which the housing, contacts and puns of stepsel are mounted. Since the socket mechanism has a standard height of 5-7 cm and a width of 4-5 cm, the final dimensions of the outer outlet, taking into account the protective guard for the electrical appliance fork, are from 10 to 15 centimeters in height and about 10 cm in width. Usually they have the form of a parallelepiped.
- Double external sockets differ from the single only the presence of several connectors for Shtepsel.
- Protection sockets are both single and double. The main distinguishing feature is the presence of a cover that prevents free access to the connector. They are used either on a garden area so that insects do not climb, or to protect the health of young children.
- Decorative external sockets appeared relatively recently. Their main advantage is height, only 1.5-2 cm, which is similar to internal sockets. Due to the features of the device, such devices are suitable for installation in residential premises. A variety of colors and shapes, coupled with ease of installation, makes them serious competitors inner sockets. But this is only at first glance. Fastening by means of a double -sided adhesive base or even bolts to the wall is not reliable. Glue and dowels are quite resistant to constant loads, but sharp efforts to stick out the plug from the outlet, loosen the structure and lead to the fact that the outlet is falling off. Therefore, it is better not to experiment and install external sockets in the appropriate places.
The service life of the outlet largely depends on its quality. Therefore, when choosing, it is better to pay attention to trusted firms. Among them:
- Simon, Spain,
- Jung, Germany,
- Gira, Germany.
When choosing an outer outlet, the following characteristics must be taken into account:
- The degree of protection of the shell from the penetration of water and external solid elements inside. Marking the degree of protection is displayed on the outlet itself with two digits. The first digit displays the degree of protection against the penetration of external objects and is ranked from zero to six. Where six are the maximum level of protection. The second digit displays the degree of protection against water, and is ranked from zero to nine. Where nine denotes complete waterproofing under pressure.
- Indicators of rated current and rated voltage.
- The material of the base of the external outlet case. It is advisable to purchase white or beige sockets, which indicates the use of full -color plastic without dye.
Installation of external sockets
Before moving on to specific actions, you need to prepare the tool. For work you will need:
- Electric outlet.
- Isolating material - lining under the outlet in the amount of installed external sockets. An isolating material such as textolite is used as such a basis. An economical option is a piece of plywood or a 10 mm thick wooden board.
- Dowels, screws or screws.
- Cross and flat screwdriver. In case of installation of an electric socket in concrete or brick walls, you will also need a drill or punch.
- Pencil and level.
- Indicator screwdriver for checking the voltage in the outlet.
- A knife or another mounting tool for cleaning the ends of the wires.
- Insulating tape.
We carry out the installation of external sockets:
- we draw a scheme on which we mark all the necessary sockets,
- we extend the cable from the counter to the first electric node,
- we clean the end of the cable, clean the wires,
- we disassemble the socket, for this you need to unscrew the bolt located in the middle between the holes under the plug,
- we connect the wires to the contacts,
- we fix the socket on the wall, for this we either fasten it on dowels or with glue with liquid nails, an insulating gasket is installed between the wall and the outlet,
- we measure the required amount of cable to the next node with a margin of 15-20 cm,
- cut off the cable and clean it from both ends,
- we connect the cable to the first and second node,
- we repeat the procedure until all components are completely connected.
By safety measures, the cable should be hidden in a special protective box. In practice, this requirement is not necessary, but for their own safety, any protection should be foreseen. If there is no desire or the opportunity to make a stroob, then before connecting the electriciners, start a cable into a hard corrugation. This will be enough. Even in the case of a short circuit or overload of the cable, the corrugation localizes the fire and prevents the fire. If it was decided to install a protective box, you should choose products from non -combustible plastic.
Another problem occurs if the installation of an outer outlet is carried out after the counter sealing. To remove the seal, you need to call an engineer and order a fairly expensive and long procedure. The solution is quite simple - to assemble an extension cord with two forks. The first is included in any rosette of a home network, the second in the outer outlet.
Important: The underwater outer outlet should be single. It is a source of voltage throughout the power grid, therefore it carries the highest load at the time of turning on the electrical appliances. Therefore, you need to use the extension cable with a cross section of at least 4 mm, and make the contacts as strong as possible. To do this, the cleaned ends of the wires bend in half, thereby increasing the section. The outlet, also, you need to choose high -quality. For the rest of the wiring, a section of 2.5 mm is enough.
Outdoor ground socket
If installation occurs in rural areas or in the country, then there is no grounding inside the network. For ease of installation of electrical wiring in apartment buildings, a grounding line is installed inside the camshaft, the counter is connected to it, and through it, the rest of the wiring. Additional grounding is installed only in cases where the voltage in the network is greatly jumped, and the used household appliances are not equipped with fuses.
In the field, the owners of private houses and other separate buildings are forced to do grounding on their own. The term arose due to the fact that the Earth has resistance close to zero, respectively, can instantly pass the current of any strength without heating. It is on this principle that grounding works.
Installation is as follows:
- a reinforcement with a cross section of at least 0.5 cm is buried to a depth of 40-50 cm,
- the reinforcement should be drowned 10 cm above the ground,
- from the reinforcement to the first electric node, the cable is measured and cut off with a margin of at least 15 cm,
- the cable stretches through a thick corrugation,
- the ends of the cable are cleaned,
- one end is attached to the reinforcement, squeezed with a rubber clamp and is closed with island,
- the second end is fixed in the outlet, for this it must be equipped with an appropriate connector,
- the connector is located in the middle between the phase and zero,
- the remaining electric nodes are interconnected by a thinner one -core cable.
Important: For grounding, one -core cable is used. Its cross section does not matter much, the main thing is to choose a metal with the least resistance. The smallest resistance at silver, but such a wire will have to be made to order, so high -quality copper is suitable.
In practice, most problems are connected not so much with improper connection of sockets as with miscalculations regarding the load on the cable. In addition, some manufacturers save and use iron, lead or various alloys instead of copper or aluminum. This reduces the cost of production, but significantly reduces the technical characteristics of the cable. Therefore, before starting work on independent installation of sockets, carefully count which cable should be used.
Useful tips for the installation of an outer outlet
- The recommended location of the outer outlet is 25-30 cm from the floor. The location of an electric socket near electrical appliances is also not recommended.
- On sale there are external sockets with terminals in which there are connectors for wires. Such electric sockets are characterized by less reliability of contacts. It is better not to purchase them. The outer outlet, the photo of which is presented below, will clearly demonstrate what is about.
- When installing external sockets for convenience, it is necessary that the wires of 4.5-9 cm long are removed from the wall.
- For safety reasons, the installation of external outlets must be carried out in rubberized gloves.
- If the house has a small child, you should take care of protecting sockets using a special set of plugs.
