The fireplace has long been considered a symbol of wealth. Capable to give warmth and comfort, it will be a useful addition to the country or in a country house.
Content
Of course, the construction of the fireplace and the installation of the fireplace firebox is a rather complicated process and without spent skills here can not do. But it is not necessary to calculate the amount in advance that the specialist will be called. It is enough to study the stated material and have the necessary skills, and then the installation of the fireplace firebox will not take a lot of time and effort.
What do you need to know before installing the fireplace firebox?
Before proceeding with the practice, you should study theory well. Having knowledge of the general principles of operation of the furnace and its devices will help when installing. Spectacular operation of the furnace primarily depends on several properties:
- well functioning chimney
- high-quality fuel used,
- ability to handle the furnace.
The chimney is used to maintain constant thrust in the furnace, the necessary burning of the flame and allows for the dwelling of the dwelling and carbon dioxide generated as a result of the fireplace. Hot air rises up, forming cravings. On the pipe, the air goes outward, and the preheated channel of the chimney supports the thrust. There are many factors on it, of which the overall work efficiency of the furnace will be formed:
- the height of the chimney affects the force of thrust, the higher the chimney - the better the thrust.
- cracks in chimneys, a loosely adjacent firebox door, warm air driving - all this will reduce the thrust.
Fireplace furnaces are two species: open, which are traditional, and closed. Each of these models have its advantages and disadvantages. Open furnaces were loved primarily due to an open flame that can enjoy the contemplation of living fire.
This design is a deepening in the wall, which requires initially preliminary strengthening the founding of the fireplace. By efficiency and ability to highlight a larger amount of heat such a firebox is inferior to closed, winning only in aesthetic attractiveness. The heat level supported in an open design will be at the level of the conventional fire and heat is provided only while the flame itself is burning. Unlike the traditional option, the closed firebox has a lot of advantages:
- compactness of the collected design,
- simple installation
- convenience of burning control,
- the presence of heat-resistant glass makes it possible to prevent such fire-hazardous moments as the emission of sparks or departure hot particles, for example, if we use firewood from coniferous wood,
- a significant degree of heat generation, efficiency above 80%.
It should be noted that the creation of a closed firebox will require the fireplace of large sizes than for models with an open furnace, and in addition to this, the closed design is more complicated in creating and noticeably more. However, it is not necessary to take radical measures - it is enough to compromise between both options. Recently, the so-called so-called hilestones are gaining popularity. In essence, they are a closed firebox, only with the mechanism of raising heat-resistant glass up. In this case, it is possible to admire the open flame without interference, and if necessary, return the flap with the glass to the previous place. Next, consider how the fireplace firebox is going to do it.
Common Requirements for Mounting Fireplace
Experts allocated a number of general rules that should be followed in the construction of the furnace:
- walls and ceiling adjacent to the firebox must be made of non-combustible materials,
- the fireplace floor must be made smooth and made of stone or ceramic tiles,
- the bottom of the furnace should be fixed, putting a steel sheet as the base, a thickness of at least 2 mm,
- basalt cotton can be paved between the floor and overlapping, which represents an effective thermal insulation material. The distinctive ability of such a wool is its fire resistance rate, withstands up to +900 degrees Celsius,
- the furnace when laying should gradually call. To perform this, each subsequent row lay down on 6 centimeters closer than the previous one,
- after laying each row of bricks, it should be removed with a sponge to remove the residues of the solution,
- the thickness of the side walls of the furnace should be 20 centimeters, the rear wall - 10 cm,
- in case the fireplace is installed in a stone house, the installation is possible to produce from any wall, if the house is made of wood materials, then an additional protective layer of bricks or building blocks should be pre-built.
- the grilles in the decompression chamber must have a cross-sectional area that corresponds to the power of the furnace,
- the withdrawal of the chimney of the furnace should be above the remaining points of the building at least 1 meter,
- parts of the chimney passing through the unheated premises (for example, the attic) must be safely insulated,
- the mixture of chimney firebox should be well sealing,
- at the outlet of the fireplace, it is necessary to leave a gap of 5 cm from the surface of the pipe for the flue channel ventilation,
- the fuel should be placed on a suitable height above the floor, not less than 20 cm,
- infused, providing air flow from outside, it is advisable to equip the throttle to control the level of air inflow level,
- it should be provided with the possibility of drainage of condensate from the chimney.
Stages of installation of the fireplace
Of course, starting work on the installation of the furnace with its acquisition. Buy fireplace firebox is better from cast iron, despite the triviality and a certain archaism of the material, it still remains the most reliable. Installation work begins with the creation of a solid and reliable basis, which is capable of learing for many years.
Fireplaces with a closed firebox, for example, require installation after the flooring was laid with a protective layer of thermal insulation. It is believed that work should be carried out at the stage of the construction of the house, so that it is later not difficulty with the construction of a chimney and the arrangement of the foundation under the furnace. However, this does not mean that the beautiful and spectacular fireplace can not be built on all ready, capable of pleaseing with its properties.
Preparation of the base for fireplace
Before starting the installation of the furnace, prepare a qualitative and non-combustible base, which must be made of reinforced construction, filled with cement screed with a thick layer thickness of 15 mm. Press under the furnace should be collected from the heat-resistant brick or aerated concrete blocks, which are distinguished by the reliability and high heat resistance characteristics. Laying elements of the pedestal is made on a conventional cement solution, or on special glue. True, the last decision is controversial, because not all adhesive compositions are distinguished by safety and durability during heating.
Direct installation of fireplace firebox
After the base was assembled and prepared for the installation of the furnace, the cladding assembly should be started. Usually it comes complete to the fireplace, but it happens that the design elements have to be ordered. Facing panels are mounted on plasterboard sheets, and it is important to observe the presence of an air layer in 1-2 cm between the walls of the fireplace and the facing so that the hot air does not accumulate under the trim during the operation of the fireplace. It is also recommended to make holes for ventilation in the trim so that the excess of hot air has the opportunity to go beyond the limits of the fireplace in the room.
It is necessary to carefully examine the installation instructions before starting work in order to avoid mounted errors, which will entail the unstable work of the fireplace and the entire system as a whole.
Fireplace furnaces, especially varieties made of cast iron, are able to give up to 30% of heat through the base, the rest is part of the ribs of the case. Therefore, when installing the firebox, it is necessary to carry out the right heat from the base body, its accumulation and removal. The air vent pipe should be touched on the role of which the usual corrugated pipe from polyvinyl chloride with a diameter of at least 150 mm is suitable. You should then equip the technical door to the other side of the fireplace in the furnace to be able to remove the ash and maintenance of the fireplace. After the firebox was mounted, it is necessary to start connecting the chimney.
Connect chimney to fireplace firebox
The fireplace is connected to the chimney with the help of fastening and compounds, such as a radiator with lattices for heat output and pipes. Pipes must be made of stainless steel with a thickness of at least 1 mm for alloy steel and 2 mm for black steel. In addition, it is advisable to wrap them into thermal insulation material to increase the service life. All connections are located inside the chimney pipe of the furnace to prevent condensate from entering the system. The pipe should not have long straight areas, you should place them with a small slope of 5 cm. The furnace itself is pre-installed on bars to ensure the correct position. After all the details were combined, the bars need to be removed.
You should carefully follow the instructions when installing the fireplace firebox. It is recommended to preliminarily consult with specialists for discussion of all subtleties and complications whose manifestation is possible when mounting the furnace. It happens that a fireplace has already been installed in the house, which is not used in view of its malfunction or antiquity, in which case it is possible to revive the design with the help of the so-called insert furnace. This is a fireplace furnace, a cast-iron combustion chamber in which is equipped with an air injection system due to one or more turbines. Such a system is capable of disseminating heat throughout the fireplace as soon as possible and maintain heated air in one temperature range. It is important to remember that the fireplace with a firebox of any kind will require a lot of care and labor-intensive service to ensure a safe and stable heating process.
Service
In order for the fireplace to serve a long period, the basic rules of operation should be followed:
- it is impossible to increase the power of combustion by replacing firewood to another fuel or coal,
- the flame is in no case should be pouring water,
- system service should be maintained at least once every two months.
After each extract, it is necessary to leave a layer of ash with a thickness of 1 cm at the bottom of the fireplace furnace, the housing itself is cleaned with a rag and a warm soap solution. The addition of liquid soap is obtained, since the liquid soap has a smaller degree of acidity. The inner walls are recommended to be cleaned several times in a year with a rigid metal brush in order to remove the net.
In the design of the furnace, it is necessary to provide a technical hatch in advance for the convenience of servicing the fireplace. It is also desirable to take care in advance about the possibility of cleaning the chimney pipes from creosote. It is formed during free combustion, when in the process of separation of gases, there is a mixing of smoke with steam, and the resulting precipitate accumulates on the inner walls of the chimney. It is important to remember that the creosote forms a very strong flame during fire, therefore it is necessary to periodically clean the chimney for the removal of precipitate. The intensive work of the fireplace is able to significantly reduce the level of formation of creosote.
The use of wood, especially wet, leaves on heat-resistant glasses in a closed firebox traces from Nagara. They are removed fairly easy with simple cleaning alcohol-containing equipment for washing glass, which allows you to reduce work to clean up to a minimum. In general, it is worth saying that if you carry out work on the maintenance of the fireplace and the furnace in time, the design will last long enough.
