How to install a fireplace furnace with your own hands

The fireplace has long been considered a symbol of prosperity. Able to give heat and comfort, it will become a useful addition in the country or in a country house.

Of course, the construction of the fireplace and the installation of the fireplace furnace - the process is quite complicated and you can’t do without waste skills. But you should not calculate the amount in which the call call will cost in advance. It is quite good to study the stated material and have the necessary skills, and then the installation of a fireplace furnace will not take a lot of effort and time.

What do you need to know before installing a fireplace furnace?

Before proceeding with practice, you should study the theory well. Possessing knowledge about the general principles of the furnace and its device will help during installation. Spectacular work of the furnace primarily depends on several properties:

• well -functioning chimney,
• high -quality fuel used,
• the ability to handle the furnace.

The chimney is used to maintain constant traction in the firebox, the necessary burning of the flame and allows you to remove smoke and carbon dioxide, produced as a result of the fireplace. Hot air rises upward, forming a traction. The air goes outside through the pipe, and the heated chimney channel maintains traction. It is on it of many factors from which the overall efficiency of the firebox will develop:

• the height of the chimney affects the strength of the traction, the higher the chimney - the better the craving.
• cracks in the chimney, loosely adjacent door of the furnace, pulling warm air - all this will reduce the craving.

There are two types of fireplaces: open, which are traditional and closed. Each of these models has its advantages and disadvantages. Open furnaces were loved primarily because of an open flame that can provide pleasure from contemplating a living fire.

This design is a recess in the wall, which first requires preliminary strengthening of the base of the fireplace. In terms of efficiency and ability to secrete more heat, such a firebox is inferior to closed, winning only in aesthetic attractiveness. The level of heat supported in the open structure will be at the level of a conventional fire and heat is provided only while the flame itself burns. Unlike the traditional option, a closed firebox has a lot of advantages:

• the compactness of the assembled design,
• simple installation,
• convenience of combustion control,
• the presence of heat -resistant glass allows you to prevent such fire hazardous moments as the release of sparks or the departure of hot particles, for example, if you use firewood from coniferous wood,
• a significant degree of thermal energy production, efficiency above 80%.

It should be noted that the creation of a closed firebox will require a large fireplace than for models with an open firebox, and in addition to this, a closed design is more difficult to create and noticeably expensive. However, it is not necessary to take radical measures - it is enough to compromise between both options. Recently, the so-called gigatins' furnaces have been gaining popularity. In fact, they are a closed furnace, only with the mechanism for raising heat -resistant glass up. In this case, it is possible to admire an open flame without interference, and if necessary, you should return the damper with glass to the same place. Next, we consider how the fireplace furnace gathers with your own hands.

General requirements for the installation of fireplace furnace

Experts identified a number of general rules that should be followed during the construction of the furnace:

• walls and ceiling adjacent to the firebox should be made of non -combustible materials,
• the floor for the fireplace must be made even and made of stone or ceramic tiles,
• the bottom of the furnace should be secured, laying as the base of a steel sheet with a thickness of at least 2 mm,
• between the floor and the overlap, the basalt cotton wool should be laid, representing an effective thermal insulation material. The distinctive ability of such a cotton wool is its fire resistance, withstands up to +900 degrees Celsius,
• the firebox when laying should gradually round. To do this, each subsequent row lay 6 centimeters closer than the beginning of the previous one,
• after laying each row of brick, you should use the sponge remove the remaining solution,
• the thickness of the side walls of the firebox should be 20 centimeters, the rear wall - 10 cm,

• if the fireplace with a furnace is installed in a stone house, then installation can be made on any wall, if the house is made of wood materials, then you should first build an additional protective layer of brick or building blocks,
• the lattices in the decompression chamber must have a cross -sectional area that corresponds to the firebox,
• the output of the furnace chimney should be above the rest of the building by at least 1 meter,
• parts of the chimney passing through unheated rooms (for example, attic) must be reliably thermal,
• the connection of the furnace with the chimney should be well sealed,
• at the output of the fireplace, it is necessary to leave a gap of 5 cm from the surface of the pipe for ventilation of the flue channel,
• the fuel should be placed at a suitable height above the floor, at least 20 cm,
• it was blown out, providing an air flow from the outside, it is advisable to equip a throttle barrier to control the level of air flow,
• the possibility of running condensate from the chimney should be provided.

Stages of installation of a fireplace furnace

Of course, starting work on the installation of the furnace should be acquired with its acquisition. It is better to buy a fireplace furnace from cast iron, despite the triviality and a certain archaism of the material, it still remains the most reliable. Installation work begins with the creation of a strong and reliable foundation, which can last for many years.

Kamins with a closed firebox, for example, require the installation after a floor covering with a protective layer of thermal insulation was laid. It is believed that work should be carried out even at the stage of building a house so that later there are no difficulties with the construction of the chimney and the arrangement of the foundation for the furnace. However, this does not mean that on all the finished one you can not build a beautiful and spectacular fireplace that can please with its properties.

Preparation of the foundation for the fireplace furnace

Before starting the installation of the firebox, a high -quality and non -combustible base should be prepared, which should be made of a reinforced structure, filled with a cement screed with a thickness of a finished layer of 15 mm. The pedestal for the furnace should be assembled from heat -resistant bricks or aerated concrete blocks, which differ in reliability and high characteristics of heat resistance. The styling elements are laid on a regular cement mortar, or on a special glue. True, the last solution is controversial, since not all glue compositions are characterized by safety and resistance when heated.

Direct installation of a fireplace furnace

After the base was collected and prepared for installing the furnace, the assembly of the cladding should be started. Usually it comes to the fireplace, but it also happens that the design elements have to be ordered by yourself. The facing panels are mounted on the sheets of drywall, and it is important to observe the presence of an air gap of 1-2 cm between the walls of the fireplace and the cladding so that the hot air does not accumulate under the skin during the operation of the fireplace. It is also recommended to make holes for ventilation in the casing so that the excess of hot air has the opportunity to go beyond the branks of the fireplace into the room.

You should carefully study the instructions for installing the fireplace before starting work in order to avoid installation errors that will entail unstable operation of the fireplace and the entire system as a whole.

The fireplaces, especially the varieties made of cast iron, are able to give up to 30% heat through the base, while the rest is passed to the ribs of the case. Therefore, when installing the firebox, the proper intake of heat should be carried out from the base of the base, its accumulation and excretion. A duct pipe should be brought to the firebox, the role of which is also suitable for a regular corrugated pipe made of polyvinyl chloride with a diameter of at least 150 mm. After that, you should equip a technical door in the firebox, which faces the other side of the fireplace in order to be able to remove the ash and maintenance of the fireplace. After the furnace was mounted, it is worth starting to connect the chimney.

Connecting a chimney to a fireplace fireplace

The fireplace is connected to the chimney using the mounting elements and connections, such as the radiator with gratings for the removal of heat to the outside and pipes. Pipes should be made of stainless steel with a thickness of at least 1 mm for alloy steel and 2 mm for black steel. In addition, it is advisable to wrap them in the thermal insulation material to increase the service life. All compounds are located inside the flower chimney pipe to prevent condensate entering the system. The pipe should not have long straight sections, they should be placed with a small slope of 5 cm. The firebox itself is previously installed on the bars to ensure the correct position. After all the details were combined, the bars must be removed.

You should carefully adhere to the instructions when installing the fireplace. It is recommended to first consult with specialists to discuss all the subtleties and complications, the manifestation of which is possible when installing the firebox. It so happens that a fireplace is already installed in the house that is not used in view of its malfunction or antiquity, in this case it is possible to revive the structure using the so-called insert-topka. This is a fireplace furnace, a cast -iron combustion chamber in which is equipped with a system of air injection thanks to one or more turbines. A similar system is able to spread heat throughout the fireplace in the shortest possible time and maintain heated air in one temperature range. It is important to remember that a fireplace with a furnace of any kind will require a lot of care and labor -intensive maintenance to ensure a safe and stable heating process.

Service

In order for the fireplace to last a long time, you should adhere to the basic rules of operation:

• it is impossible to forcefully increase the strength of combustion by replacing firewood with other fuel or coal,
• in no case should the flame be filled with water,
• system service should be carried out at least once every two months.

After each kindle, a layer of ash with a thickness of 1 cm should be left at the bottom of the fireplace, the case itself is cleaned with a rag and a warm soap solution. Get the addition of liquid soap into water, since liquid soap has a lower degree of acidity. It is recommended to clean the internal walls several times a year using a hard metal brush in order to remove the incapacity.

In the design of the firebox, it is necessary to provide in advance the technical hatch for the convenience of conducting the maintenance of the fireplace. It is also advisable to take care of in advance about the possibility of cleaning the chimney pipes from creosot. It is formed during free combustion, when in the process of gases release, smoke with steam occurs, and the resulting sediment accumulates on the internal walls of the chimney. It is important to remember that Creesot forms a very strong flame during fire, so it is necessary to carry out periodic cleaning of the chimney for sediment removal. The intensive work of the fireplace can significantly reduce the level of creesot formation.

The use of wood, especially moist, leaves traces of soot on heat -resistant glass in a closed firebox. They are removed quite easily with the help of simple cleaning alcohol -containing products for washing glass, which allows you to minimize work to clean. In general, it is worth saying that if you carry out the maintenance of the fireplace and the furnace in time, the design will last a long time.