Original street fireplaces can become an exquisite element of the decor of any household territory. Currently, such designs are distinguished by a variety of forms, aesthetic attractiveness and functionality. Having undergone many transformations, garden fireplaces can rightfully be considered an integral element of the decoration of the house site that provides comfort.
Content
The location of the street fireplace
In order to build not only a distinguished, but also functional fireplace, it is necessary to take into account the following features of its location:
- Often a garden fireplace is located on the territory of the Patio or near the arbor, where the feast is organized. This is quite convenient, since the focus is in walking distance and heats up people.
- The direction of the wind should be taken into account, which mainly spreads smoke from the fireplace pipe. This rule helps to eliminate unpleasant incidents associated with the "smoking" of neighboring residential buildings.
- Often, stoves, fireplaces, street foci have an open buildings inside: verandas, terraces, winter gardens. Thus, the owner of the site receives a cozy and warm place to relax in comfortable conditions. And also a garden fireplace is attached to the wall of the house, which guarantees construction reliability and durability.
Fire safety of the structure
A certain location of the street fireplace is not provided for by clear regulations or standards, but this does not exclude the need to comply with fire safety rules. If you decide to build a street fireplace with your own hands , then take into account that the design is not recommended to be located near rapidly flammable buildings or dry plantations. It is also worth observing the direction of the wind, which can “attribute” sparks from the hearth to their or neighboring buildings that can ignite.
Design features of the street fireplace
Unlike a separate portable street fireplace, garden structures are quite similar to traditional stationary foci, which are located in residential premises. Like intra -house structures, external fireplaces include such structural elements as:
- the firebox is a fragment of the hearth where firewood or fuel directly burn out;
- the building of the structure is the main part of the fireplace, which is faced by a stone to improve the aesthetic characteristics of the hearth;
- the foundation is an integral element of the design of the garden fireplace, which prevents the failure of the structure under the ground, which preserves the tightness of the frame and eliminates the risk of chips or cracks;
- the chimney is a pipe that serves to eliminate unpleasant consequences from the charming hearth.
You can also make individual drawings of street fireplaces and provide for the necessary structural elements as:
- Built -in fragments for sitting. The fireplace is designed to provide heat, so comfortable places near the hearth will come in handy.
- Place for storing firewood. This will not only add external attractiveness of the design, but also make the process of operating firewood as simple and neat as possible.
Tools required for laying a fireplace
- Shovel - this tool will help when making a pit under the basis of the foundation of the structure, as well as when mixing the construction solution.
- The construction level is necessary for observing geometric parameters and aligning the structure lines in order to eliminate possible distortions, irregularities of angles, etc.
- The trowel is a universal tool in construction, which will help to apply a cement mortar to brickwork, eliminate irregularities and remove surplus. The trowel can be made of corner brickwork when it is cut under an accurate degree.
- Roulette - is useful for the exact marking of the area for the construction of the fireplace, and will also measure the parameters of the future structure in height.
- A sieve is an equally important tool that allows you to sift the sand to knead the solution, removing all unnecessary components and large stones from it.
Materials required for the construction of a street fireplace
- Brick is a basic building material that will be needed when erecting a garden fireplace. The frame of the future structure is formed from it, and the chimney is also laid out. When constructing a garden fireplace, several varieties of brick are usually required at once, depending on the purpose of the hearth: bricks made of burned clay - is used directly to form the focus of the body. For the reliability and durability of the design, it is advisable to purchase material of the 1st or 2nd grade; Shamotic brick is a type of special material that can withstand high temperature loads. It is used to lay out the furnace and the base of the chimney, in which the highest heating rates are observed.
- Wooden boards - this material will be needed for the construction of formwork or scaffolding, so it makes no sense to purchase expensive and dry layers.
- Clay - is useful for fastening the brick rows in the masonry. Due to the fact that this natural material is the basis in the manufacture of bricks, the characteristics of the expansion when heated they have similar ones. This will avoid the formation of cracks and chips in the laying of the case or chimney. It is recommended to use clay with a minimum percentage of impurities.
- Cement - will be needed for the formation of the foundation, as well as in finishing work. It is recommended to use material with a production brand from 500. Otherwise, the design will not be reliable.
- Natural stone - its use is necessary when pouring concrete, since this will save on the solution.
- A steel sheet - this material will be needed only if it was not possible to purchase a ball brick. It is recommended to use a sheet with a thickness of at least 1.5 mm.
Creation of an individual project
The hand -handed project of the garden fireplace will bring exclusive significance and eccentricity in the design of the personal territory. So, most ideas include the presence of a furnace and chimney made of economical durable material. And the external decoration of the focus can be performed with the help of cladding with wild stone, gypsum, decorative tiles and other variations of street fireplaces from the photo presented today in a wide variety.
Garden fireplace construction manual
In order to build a functional, reliable and aesthetic focus, it is necessary to adhere to simple instructions. Let us consider in more detail each stage of the construction of the structure:
1. Initially, you need to pour a concrete solution into a prepared base. To do this, it is necessary to remove the soil and divide the boundaries of the site under the fireplace by means of formwork. Then you should mix and pour cement dough within the marked base, and leave to dry for 24-48 hours, depending on the brand of cement.
Important! Together with representatives of the construction bodies, it is necessary to clarify what depth the base should be harvested. In certain land plots, this indicator should not exceed 15 cm, and on others it can be at least 30 cm.
2. After the concrete foundation dries, you can start brickwork. In this process, it is important to ensure that each row of brick blocks lies clearly in level. 
3. Shamotic brick should lay the space inside the future firebox. At the same time, it is important to observe extreme caution, since neat technique and a correctly mixed solution - the key to the reliability of the structure. It is advisable to adhere to the following tips:
- choose a beautiful masonry technique;
- mix the solution along with a high -temperature mixture to avoid deformation of the fastening bricks of substance;
- eliminate all air bubbles from the concrete solution by brushing or expanding;
- leave the furnace dry for 24-48 hours.
4. Install the finished pipe or lay it out for the future chimney. This passage must clearly comply with the prescribed construction standards in order to guarantee a functional extract of smoke from the furnace. A mandatory element is a regiment to reduce the strength of reverse traction.
5. Then it is necessary to fix the fireplace plate. This structural element is a fragment of the open firebox of the hearth, as well as the main focal point of the structure. The correct installation of the slab is an important task when erecting the entire fireplace. To do this, you need to adhere to such a guide:
- put the solution on the surface under the plate in the form of three stripes 2 cm high. The distance between each strip should be 2 cm;
- put the stove using the building level and a mallet with a rubberized boy;
- make sure that the stove was exactly. If it rises above the furnace level, this needs to be eliminated.
6. Start the cladding. To do this, you need to decide on the style of stone or other material, and then follow the instructions:
- apply a solution to the stone and attach to the surface, leaving 5 mm between fragments of stones;
- avoid fixing decorative stone on surfaces with 90 ° angle, do the ledges instead;
- then attach the fireplace stone to the angle of the first stone, and let the second appear 3 cm so that they can “meet”;
- after facing, it is necessary to let the solution harden at least 24 hours.
Ready! After the construction of the structure, let the fireplace “rest” for several days so that all the materials are dry.
The guide on the method of laying the fireplace can be seen on the video:
