How to make a frame stairs do it yourself

It is difficult to imagine a private two-storey house without a staircase march. The construction of the stairs in the house is one of the most difficult tasks in the construction process, since this design element is inside the premises and should be not only strong, but also to fit the general design idea. It is especially worth noting that the staircase in the house should be safe and withstand heavy loads. For this, she must have a strong framework. About how to make the frame of the stairs properly - next.

Types of stair marches for home

Most often stair marches used in private houses are made of metal. Wooden stairs are not too popular, because with the same bearing ability more dimensional and take more space. In addition, with a tree it is more difficult to work and it is quite whimsical in care.

Metal stairs are easier mounted, more durable and unpretentious in operation. They can be used both as a finished design and as a frame, to which elements from glass, wood or plastic will be collected.

Metal stairs, depending on their configuration, are:

• Spiral.
• Swivels.
• March.
• Screw.
• Arcuate.
• With the presence of a platform or without it.
• Closed or open type.

Frames of domestic stairs come:

1. Hidden. Such a frame is made of rough metal for finishing by other materials. As a rule, during the construction of such a staircase, they do not care too much about the appearance of the final structure, because all defects in welding or metal will be hidden under the trim. Special emphasis when installing hidden frames is made on the construction fortress. This option is best suited to novice builders.
2. Open frames do not provide an additional finish and therefore must be mounted immaculately. The quality of the metal and the appearance of welding seams should be "at the height." Such stairs are mostly a piece of art that can be decorated with any interior. For the manufacture and installation of stairs with open frames, you need a huge experience of work.

Production and installation of a frame of a staircase. Required tools

If the decision independently build the staircase is still accepted, you must have the following tools:

• Welding machine.
• A set of electrodes (brand and diameter depend on the metal used).
• Metal, depending on the configuration of the ladder (corner, channel, square pipe, etc.).
• Corner grinding with sets of circles (for cutting metal and stripping seams). Do not save on the circles, cut into a credit circle and cleaned the cut off by unacceptable for security reasons.

Metal processing materials: a metal brush (you can use a special nozzle on a drill or a grinder), primer, paint, rust converter.

Basic requirements for installation of a staircase march

To mount the staircase, which will be comfortable and safe, and also serves many years, you need to know the basic requirements for it. Based on them, at the initial stage of work, you need to produce all the calculations, because work with the metal does not forgive mistakes, it will be very difficult to correct them.

• The optimal width of the staircase march is from 0.8 to 1 m.
• The height of the railing should be at least 0.9 m so that they are convenient for people with any growth.
• The height of the stage should not exceed 0.2 m, and the width is not less than 0.3 m. At a higher stage, the stairs will be difficult to rise, especially people with problem health.
• The load that the staircase must withstand is: for the entire design - at least 200 kg, for the railing - at least 100 kg.
• The slope of the staircase march should not exceed 45 °.
• The distance between the staircase and the wall of the room should be no more than 5 cm.

Types of frames of metal stairs and staircase marches

Usually in the construction of private home stair frameworks make two types:

1. With one kosouris. Supporting such a frame is the central beam, which passes through the central axis of the stairs. This design looks quite attractive and a little "air". Thanks to this frame, the staircase, as it is freezing in the air. However, from a technical point of view, we make a frame of such a staircase much more difficult, due to an increase in the load on one beam and on the elements of the steps. To increase their reliability and reduce the probability of deformation of the steps, you will have to digest additional separations and jams.
2. With two kososhi. Although such stairs look not too attractive, they have a huge margin of safety. Such a metal frame, whose price is not too high due to simplicity, makes them an excellent choice for beginner builders. It represents two metal beams, which are breeding metal structures.

Making a framework of a ladder with two kososters

For such a frame, you will need two foreign beams and a steel corner with a width of the shelf not less than 32 mm.

The length of the beams is pretty simple. To do this, it is necessary to measure the height of the floor of the first floor to the first floor of the second floor, as well as the distance from the point of touching the stairs to the floor of the first floor before the perpendicular of the touch point to the second floor semi.

Suppose, the height between the floors of the two floors (a) is 2.5 meters, and the distance from the start of the staircase to the perpendicular (B) is 4.5 meters.

In this case, with the help of the Pythagore Theorem, you can calculate the length of the pair of beams.

WITH ²\u003d A. ² + B. ²In our case it will be 5.1 m.

Next it is necessary to check the future angle of inclination of the stairs. As already mentioned earlier, it should be no more than 45 °.

To do this, it is necessary to calculate the sin angle and with the help of the brand's special table, known from school, determine the angle.

To do this, we divide the height between the first and second floor floor for the length of the stair beam (Kooowa).

Sin α \u003d A / C \u003d 0.485643. According to the table, such a value of sin corresponds to an angle of 29 °, which is quite acceptable.

Next, it is necessary to calculate the number of steps. To do this, take into account their height and depth.

At a normal height of 18 cm on our stairs, 14 steps are obtained, in which case their depth will be: 4.5 / 14 \u003d 32 cm, which is quite enough for its comfortable use.

So, our staircase will have a length of 5.1 m. 14 steps 18 cm high and a depth of 32 cm. Depending on this, you can calculate the number of corners. One step will go (18 + 32) x 2 \u003d 0.8 m, respectively, on the entire staircase: 0.8 x 14 \u003d 11.2 meters. It is better to buy a couple of meters more with a reserve. If there are slices, they will not be superfluous in the farm.

Wadrigue the designs of the steps is better when the beams are installed. Be sure to need to check the parallelity of the two half of each stage.

When working on welding structures, you must pay attention to the quality of the welding seam. He must be strong, because the stairs will have to withstand significant loads. After the end of the welding work, all seams must be carefully cleaned with the help of a grinder.

When the frame of the staircase is welded, it is necessary to carry out its anti-corrosion processing to prevent its rust and improve the appearance. To do this, it is better to use a three-layer painting: a layer of primer and two layers of enamel.

Now you can install the railing and steps. Steps are better separated by wood. They have an attractive appearance and in comparison with metal steps are not too noisy.

Installation of spiral staircase

Screw stairs frames are more complex in performance and design, so they are rarely trying to mount without experience. However, such ladders look very attractive and at the same time occupy much less space than the march.

Procedure for work:

1. For the manufacture of the skeleton of the screw staircase, you will need two pipes of a suitable diameter. The first (smaller diameter) is necessary to install the staircase, and the second (larger diameter) - will be used for the manufacture of stairs. It is necessary with the help of a grinder to cut into pieces of the same size (approximately 180-200 mm).
2. It is important to cut a strictly at right angle to achieve the right corner of the stages.
3. For the convenience of assembling the steps, it is better to make a pattern from a tree to which you can fix the pipe, set the corners and weld them together in one item. When using the template, it will be possible to achieve the same steps, which is important not only with aesthetic, but also from a structural point of view.
4. After all the steps are ready, they must be put on a central rack. If the diameter of the latter does not allow the steps to be hard to fasten on it, and they are luftyt, then it is necessary to use sealing rings. They are made from the rod of the required diameter.
5. The finished design is installed strictly vertically, the correct position of the central pipe is verified using a level. For reliability, the bottom end is better to concrete. The upper end of the base is attached to the ceiling with the help of flanges or if the overlap of the reinforced concrete slabs is inserted into the hole in it and is climbing with a solution.
6. When the design is installed on the workplace, it is necessary to set the steps in such a way that there is perpendicular between the long-range corner of the previous stage and the sub-angle.
7. Between themselves steps welded the corner to give them additional stiffness. The last thing is set railing. For their manufacture, use the square of the square section.
8. After that, with the help of the grinder, welding seams are cleaned and conducted anti-corrosion treatment. After the metal frame of the staircase dries away from the paint, wooden steps are installed on it.

Stairs on a metal frame: video