A person cannot live long without water. On the day, only one resident of the planet accounts for an average of 2-2.5 liters of water. To always stay in shape and feel well, it is necessary to fulfill the drinking regime. Water consumed must be responsible for sanitary standards and must be clean. Residents of megacols need to take care of water quality suitable for drinking. There are several options: purchase a stationary water filter or install your own mini cleansing station. Not everyone gets to solve this question positively, so an excellent alternative is to make a water filter on your own.
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In the conditions of the city or in rural areas there is always a risk that water will not be suitable for consumption in raw form. Even if she is clean, then doing a long way, passes through dirty pipes, tanks and so on. If microbes and bacteria fall into the water storage tanks, it is very difficult to get rid of them.
If you remember, even in Soviet times, special services notified the tenants of all houses on water filtration. These days it was impossible to use water from the crane, because it had an unpleasant odor of the chlorine. It was impossible to drink such water, except to defend and boil. In such periods to perform disinfection of reservoirs, used chlorine. She killed the microbes, but did not cope with the main task - purification of water from extraneous impurities. Then the homemade water purifiers were invented, which served as the basis for creating the first industrial filters.
To always get out of the crane, well or the well of clean water and drink it without fears, you can make a water filter yourself.
What is the filter for?
The filter is a special device that allows you to clean water from large and small extraneous impurities. Coarse cleaning cartridges do not cope with 100% with their task, since small grains remain in water. To clean the water to high quality, you need to use a modern filter. It purifies water from small particles, heavy salts, metals, chlorine and pathogenic bacteria. As a result of proper treatments, even ordinary raw water from under the tap becomes harmless to humans.
What is needed to filter water from the well? This question is asked by many rural residents. After all, no one has thought about to pass water from the well through special devices. It was enough to dial the bucket of well water and use for its intended purpose. Now the situation has changed somewhat and not always well water can be used without feasible, because in it you can "find" many harmful substances. These are heavy salts, bacteria, microorganisms, nitrates, nitrogen acids (irrigation and processing of fields), pesticides and other fertilizers. Some of these substances, when growing agricultural products, remains in the ground and seeps into the aquifers.
If you study this problem thoroughly, it becomes clear that cesspools, dung pits, and toilets most often do not meet the safety standards, so the pathogens of microorganisms also fall into the water. Drinking such water is not only unpleasant, but also very dangerous! Therefore, in order to prevent the propagation of severe diseases, it is necessary to install a water filter. A variety of different models are presented on the market, which differ in performance and the principle of operation. The cost of such a device ranges from 200 rubles (filter-jug) to 40 thousand rubles (individual filter stations).
If there is no possibility to purchase a filter in the store, we offer an excellent option - make a filter for water with your own hands.
Materials for water filters
The principle of operation of any filtering device is the same - it is necessary that water passes through the filtration material. It can be an ordinary fabric, or a gauze, folded in several layers, cotton wool, dense paper napkins, as well as grass, sand or coal.
Marley, cloth, wool or paper napkins are suitable for temporary water purification. They clean the water perfectly, but at the same time they will last long, as they will have to be changed. If you need to build a temporary filter for water purification, then these materials can be used.
More reliable and durable filter material is charcoal. It can be obtained independently or acquire a few bags in the store. The principle of home filter structures is simple: it is necessary to lay a layer of wood clean coal (preferably without extraneous impurities), a layer, sand, herbs or gravel, then again the coal layer and so on. A special material can be used as the top layer - "Lutrasil", which is made of propylene fiber.
If there is a desire to save, coal for the filter is easy to do. To do this, take wooden lamps (clean, not painted with paint, varnish or veneer) and rolling in a metal pallet. Remember that the coniferous woods for the filter structure will not fit, as they have many essential oils.
How to make a water filter with your own hands
If we compare the classic low-cost filter in the form of the tank, but it is possible to find out that the capacity of such a small device, just a few liters - filter may be used only 1 person and a family of 2 or more people this is not an option. There is another inconvenience in use - the receptacle is located above the second vessel, and is inserted between the filter through which water infiltrates into the tank. We have to wait until the water purification will take place and can be used for other purposes. We take into account these disadvantages in the manufacture of a filter for water.
For the construction of the filter, we need:
- food plastic canister, a 20-liter;
- collapsible tap water;
- hot-melt;
- plastic bottle at 10 liters;
- washer and threaded rod;
- segment of plastic pipe of diameter 40 mm;
- charcoal;
- filter for tie-in plumbing.
How to make a water filter:
- For a receiving container we use plastic canister. Must be inserted into the bottom of the canister collapsible crane. It can not buy, and unscrew with tetrapaketa of wine. This crane is very convenient for the construction of the filter, if you click on it - the liquid flows, release - valve closes.
- At the bottom of the cans need to cut a small hole to insert the valve. Plant it is best to hot melt adhesive.
- The initial capacity of 10 liters serve bottle from the drinking water.
- It is necessary to cut with a sharp knife into the fill hole capacity.
- Neck cans and containers of the bottle should match the diameter, so an additional fix nothing. Neck "sits" in the hole very tight.
- As the filter element, we take the finished filter, which is used to tie into the existing water supply systems. It is mounted to the inside of the canister, because the element through the neck does not pass.
- To filter dense "sat" in the container, it is necessary to press by means of washers (in the lower part a drain hole) and studs.
- We are putting together all the components and test a homemade filter. It is possible to do otherwise, and instead of the finished filter cartridge to make their own charcoal. You will need a pipe section, in which you need to put charcoal to connect the pipe to the neck and secure with a homemade filter with hot melt glue. As the pads on the bottom you can put a cloth or folded in several layers of cloth or gauze.
- To coal remained inside the pipe, the back end is also necessary to close and secure the cloth.
- Now insert the filter in the neck of the bottle and put it on top to the canister. It turns out a big filter.
- Test our homemade cartridge. We indulge in the reservoir of 5 liters of water, so far enough to "pump" a coal filter. See what water will be, it will flirt, with small pieces of coal - this is normal. The next time the water will already be pure.
The performance of such a handmade filter is approximately 3 l per hour. If you fill the homemade filter from the evening, then you can use clean water in the morning. It is very convenient, because you do not need to wait for it to be cleaned. You will always have a decent water supply for the day. Approximately 15 liters, and this is a lot. By the way, the water is not stuffed, and the charcoal bag is enough for several years.
The dimensions of water filters may be different. If you need to quickly clean some water, you can make another cartridge using a purchased filter. So you can save on the purchase of a jug, especially if you often move from one place to another. The homemade filter will help you on business trips, on vacation, in the country.
For the manufacture of the filter, you must prepare the following:
- filter;
- plastic bottle for 2 l.;
- scissors.
Stages of creating a filter for water:
- Scissors need to cut a bottle into 2 parts. The upper cone part will remain along with the lid.
- Next, the lower part of the filter should be inserted into the first part of the bottle (with a neck) so that the filter "sat" is very tight. So you can decide where you need to cut a high part (neck). Scissors cut off the planted line. Now you have 3 parts of a plastic bottle plus filter. The upper part of the bottle with the lid does not need.
- We collect a water filter: in the upper part of the bottle (middle), we set the filter, narrow side down.
- We insert this design into the cone-shaped part of the bottle and fit well.
- Everything, the filter for water purification is ready, it remains to test the device, pouring some water.
The following option of the homemade cartridge for water purification is more interesting, as we will fully do not only the water tank, but also the filter itself.
To do this, you need to prepare the following:
- canister for water (capacity of 5 or 10 l);
- 3-liter glass bottle;
- small river sand;
- wood or activated coal;
- gauze or cotton (you can take a cloth).
How to make a filter yourself:
- Sut off the bottom at a plastic bottle. In the lid hot seer, we do a hole.
- We turn the bottle of the neck down and put the filter elements in such a sequence: first fabric, gauze or cotton, then charcoal and the last layer - river sand.
- In this position, without turning over to insert our homemade filter in the neck of a glass jar.
- Now you can check how the filter works. To do this, fill it with water (you can cover the homemade device with a sliced \u200b\u200bbottom) and we are waiting for it when it passes through the sand, coal and fabric. We try water and enjoy it taste.
Similarly, you can make a large installation to filter water from a tank or well.
We offer to see another version of the mini-filter facilities with their own hands:
