The service life of frame houses with the right building is at least 50 years, but recently the owners of the property are increasingly thinking about how to extend the service life of the structure. Durability depends on the two main factors: compliance with the right technology of construction and lack of errors in the installation. It is important to know what major lack of laits are the builders, and the developer itself.
Content
Common errors in the construction of frame houses
Often, errors are allowed before the construction start - at the design stage. An even more rough mistake is the construction of a frame house at all without a project specialist. Often, such an action is argued by the desire to save.
- One of the errors is the replacement of material for carrying structures, without prior consultation with specialists about the feasibility of such a step. If a company or private brigade, which is engaged in the construction of a skeleton house, has no successful reputation confirmed, then it is necessary to prepare for the fact that the unauthorized replacement of materials will make the design less reliable and durable. For example, the use of a cheaper and poorly dried timber will lead to the occurrence of cracks and drying wood. Reducing the thickness of the timber will also negatively affect strength. Total monitoring of all stages of work will help solve this problem.
- Savings in the calculations and lack of geological works are also quite common. When the monolithic-frame house is built, it often focuses that such a design is much easier and does not require a prepared foundation. The future client is already calculating the money saved, but often forgotten about the carrying ability of the soil. It is likely that the site will be floating, which has a practically zero bearing capacity. In this case, you will need to transfer the construction to the side of it. It is important to familiarize yourself with the possibilities of soil, because in most construction projects there is a mark that it is designed for soil with a carrier capacity of 1.5 kg / cm2. Such an attorney removes responsibility from the designer, and no one will refund damages.
- Often building companies are offered with a typical project several version options: ranging from the construction of the box and ending with the construction of a turnkey house. In this case, it should be borne in mind that budget projects do not include engineering communications. Therefore, it is already important in the process of laying to have clear ideas where the pipes will be displayed.
- Another error is the compilation of an incomplete estimate. It should include items starting from the first nail and ending with all related issues in which there are no one stages of construction and materials costs, but even possible losses for storage and delivery takes into account.
The main errors of the developer were considered, but the builders themselves sometimes allow gross mistakes. This is especially true of handicraft brigades, often not confirmed qualifications. Therefore, it is necessary to know which flaws in the work should be corrected immediately:
- Arbitrary installation of frame racks. For residential buildings, the distance between them should not be more than 60 cm in order to highlight the insulation.
- Conducting the upper strapping immediately after installing vertical racks. The correct option when the upper strapping completely repeats the lower one.
- Start of construction in an inappropriate season. This does not mean that the work should be started always from April. But it will be worth remembering that in the fall, due to the high humidity, the framework of the frame absorbs moisture well, and it is hot in the summer - it is rapidly losing and dissipated.
- If the finished foundation does not have breakfast, it will lead to the accumulation of moisture under the house and the gradual destruction of the foundation.
- The absence of vapor and waterproofing, as well as a protective vapor barrier film. It is necessary to carefully monitor, as some unscrupulous workers in order to save ways sometimes "forget" stack isolation in the necessary places.
- Installed close to windows frame racks. Since wood under the influence of climatic conditions swells and dries, it is necessary to leave a 2 cm reserve between the window and the frame to avoid damage to the window.
- Use for mounting the corners to the wood of some screws. When driving a frame or its distortion, the screws are able to burst, so for the suspension you need to drive into the corner at least one nail on each side. Even with a significant impact, nails will be afraid, but not burst. The length of the nails in this case is not more than 90 mm, since longer and thick capable of splitting the boards.
- Fixing the roof coating in that situation, when the frontones and raids are not prepared. This will lead to the fact that it will later see them much more difficult.
- Simplify the design of door and window openings. Often "Shabashniki" nourish the beam overlap with nails, penetrated through single racks. This is a gross violation, because according to standards, the riglel must have additional racks on the supports.
- Using a bar for a large cross section frame. Despite the oddity, excessive reliability is also able to play a keen joke with the durability of a frame structure. Powerful wooden bars are more prone deformation at high humidity, rather than standard boards with type 150x50 and 200x50 mm.
- The floor in a frame house is insulated with chipboard sheets or OSB without using foam. In this case, dampness will begin to penetrate the structure of the floor.
- Ensuring the insufficient diagonal rigidity of the frame, which is relevant with wind gusts. For this, the racks are propheted with a bar located at an angle of 45 °. We will not be skinned with a frame of a flat material.
These are not all mistakes allowed during construction, but they all have one base: negligence and desire to save. In order to avoid it if possible, it is worth remembering the main rule: "good cheap does not happen." The proposed services in advertisements often die as low price promises, and not quality. And on any complaint, managers make round eyes and ask a sacramental question: "What did you want for such a price?". Therefore, it is important to know not only the theory and possible vulnerabilities, but also to ensure constant control over the actions of builders. And you need to remember immediately, no arrangements in words, everything exclusively on paper, with printing and signatures. It is best to spend on a lawyer and intelligent construction specialists than to hire several teams, each of which will be criticized with the work of previous ones with a smart species, but at the same time make mistakes themselves.
Negative effect of the atmospheric environment on a frame house
Wood is exposed to climatic conditions at the storage stage. If the house is erected in the fall, then high humidity contributes to swelling of the material, and in the summer, on the contrary, it starts to dilute the wood because of the heat heat.
Therefore, preparatory work must be completed by April. Some experts recommend starting construction in winter, because at this time the humidity of the air is less less. This is favorable conditions for wood design. In addition, in winter, the construction of construction companies is smaller and often they arrange a decline in prices and promotional offers - which will be a plus in the desire to build cheap skew houses.
But in winter, precipitation is characteristic, so the building material is preferably towed by a dense polyethylene film. The same applies to the shelter of the wooden frame. For example, if a break in works for any reason is planned, it makes sense to abolish the designs of plywood with sheets, having to kill them with small nails or braces from the construction stiplier. A similar shelter is more expedient to spend and with a dense film. In this case, the work will pass faster and less costly.
Since wood is easily susceptible to the moisture retracting, it is necessary to provide her drying. This is done in two ways:
- Natural drying. In this case, wood is placed in a dry room with a good degree of ventilance. The disadvantage of the method is its durability. For example, the workpiece of significant sizes and high humidity is dried over several years. As the advantages allocate low cost and simplicity.
- Chamber drying is used in wood production enterprises, so directly at the construction site will not be able to repeat this process.
Dry wood under the sun is also difficult. In this case, the moisture is evaporated from the surface, while inside the wood will remain humid and microcracks will begin.
A good way to speed up the drying will be wrapping sheets by polyethylene. In this case, the moisture will begin to come from wood to the film and you need to periodically change it by side: with a damp with a dry.
Mechanical damage to the frame house
Mechanical damage occurs more often due to miscalculations in design, or when you admit errors when mounting the frame. Strong wind is able to put the design, if it does not have additional spacers, which are installed diagonally. To avoid damage to the design due to unnecessary loads, it is worth taking care of additional elements of the construction of the design. For example, it will be useful to use nails in combination with self-drawing for attachment of corners, as well as amplifying beams installed on the carrying frame to ensure its greater strength.
Biological damage to the frame house
Under this name implies the impact on the wood of natural parasites. The main pests, especially for the country's country houses, are wood beetles that are also called gribers. To protect the framework from them, you need to carefully treat all the wood with antiseptics. If the defeat was found already at the construction stage, it will have to be applied to insecticides or organic solvents.
Processing with antiseptics will protect wood from the process of rotting and the appearance of mold or fungus due to high humidity. It is important to know that a good antiseptic must represent high-tech for fungus and mold, but at the same time harmless to humans. In addition, it should deeply penetrate the wood, while not degrading its properties or strength.
A good representative of the funds for these purposes is the mixture called "Virtuoso". At a price of $ 1.2 per 1 liter, it is completely eco-friendly and safe for humans, providing effective protection against insects, mold and fungus. The mixture gives wood protection against the effects of climatic conditions and temperature, as well as fire resistance. In addition, it does not wash off rain. For processing a large area it makes sense to buy a bag of dry concentrate, which is divorced by water. The value of the bag weighing 25 kg is $ 125, while the mixture is enough for the processing of 420 m2 of the surface.
The walls of the frame home often spoil rodents, especially the mouse. For them, they will not be much difficult to spray in the wood of LAZ. In order to protect against unwanted neighbors, the tree is treated with special protective solutions.
Cold bridges, causes and methods of liquidation
Frame houses, the wooden design of which allows them to erect them in a matter of weeks - also exposed to the effect of the effect called "cold bridges". It leads to the manifestation of condensate followed by the destruction of the monolithic design. Such an effect arises due to the fact that the wooden elements and the insulation have different thermal conductivity, as a result of which this effect occurs.
Eliminate the lack constructively easily. You need to use two cellular frames located with a shift in relation to each other. The first such technology was offered representatives of the company's technology technology.
As can be seen, it is quite simple, but at the same time effective.
The second way to deal with the bridges of the cold is properly laid hydro and thermal insulation.
How to extend the service life of the frame home: useful tips
The basis of longevity buildings is a qualitative foundation. It must be equipped, based on the features of the soil and tilt surface.
Wood needles is characterized by good strength, so the pine timber is the most popular material in construction. Well-dry high-quality timing will allow the frame to simultane a significant amount of time, and additional processing of its antiseptics will provide good protection from weather conditions and biological factors.
The most important advice is control of quality. It is observing the correct implementation of all stages of work, the use of high-quality materials and components will lay down the basis that will significantly extend the service life of the frame house.
