How to build a wooden pergola with your own hands. Basic rules for building and decoration

In ancient times, the pergola was built exclusively for supporting vines, so it was more convenient to remove the crop. Today, this building is a decoration of the garden and a place for solitude. It is not difficult to build a pergola, the main thing is to have building materials and know the sequence of work.

Before starting work

The first thing to do is to outline the location of the pergola. Most often, it is installed next to the barbecue, protects from the heat and serves as a wonderful vacation spot. Another successful arrangement of pergola is the area of \u200b\u200bthe pond or any reservoir. You can use pergola just as a summer gazebo.
After deciding on the place, sketch a small plan to understand how many materials may be needed. Most often, pergoles are built with dimensions of 2.5 m x 1.4 m. But everything, of course, depends on the wishes of the owner.

Necessary tools and materials:

1. Scurgery.
2. Hammer.
3. Shovel.
4. Brackets, brackets, nails, self -tapping screws.
5. Antiseptic for wood.
6. Wooden bars for supports, lateral and transverse beams.
7. Rubber panels.
8. Concrete solution.

All other materials depend on the project and wishes of the creator.

The main rules of construction

There are no specific rules on how to build a rectangular pergola or in the form of a wooden arch does not exist. Each builder allocates its own rules, but if you collect them together, you can highlight the general:

1. The roof should have good throughput. The rays of the sun should penetrate through it at any moment of daylight hours.
2. The construction of the roof occurs according to the principle of "blinds", that is, the boards are mounted at the required angle and from the eastern part to the western. As a result, the rays penetrate well at dawn and at sunset, and in the midday heat they are absorbed by the boards. And it turns out that in the heat in this pergola it is very comfortable.
3. Before proceeding with the construction of the structure, you need to think over its design and configuration. Almost all pergoles are made of wood, and only sometimes you can find with stone supports. But they are quite expensive due to the fact that natural materials are used.

The construction of pergola

The most important thing when building a wooden pergola with your own hands is to isolate the wood from touching the ground, otherwise such a structure will not last a long time. In addition, the tree must be treated with an antiseptic or varnish so that insects are not started in it.
The course of construction work:

1. Pour wooden pillars into the ground.
2. Between the timber, fix the crossbar and the bars.
3. Evying holes for supports is a depth of half a meter, it all depends on how height the pergola will be, the higher it is, the deeper the pit. The width of the pit should be 20 centimeters more than the support.
4. The bottom is well tamped and set the support.
5. Pour the gravel and pour the supports with concrete.
6. Using the level, check that the installation is vertical and leave for a day to dry.

The supports are sometimes placed in metal glasses, which were previously loaded into a concrete foundation.
After the solution has dried, and the supports are tight in place, you can proceed to the installation of the product. Horizontal beams need to be attached to the supports, you can use self -tapping screws and brackets or nail with nails.

One of the most faithful mounting methods is called Shipyel. Under it, a spike is planted in the end edge of the beam and a hole for the spike is also made at the junction of the beam, and as a result, the design becomes even more stable. Further, at the same distance from each other, across the horizontal clinos of the beam.

The beams that go across must be attached with nails, and you need to do this on a slant, and not at an angle of ninety degrees, otherwise the structure can stagger under strong gusts of wind. Now it remains to be attached to the pergola and trellis wooden to horizontal beams. Shpalers should not touch the ground, otherwise they will begin to rot.
At the end of the installation of pergola, you need to think through small details on which plants will cling to the future. It can be ropes, a network, a thin veneer, hooks and others.

Roof and back of pergola

The roof of the structure is similar to the web, which consists of strips. Metal stripes are attached to their lateral ribs, and then the strips themselves are mounted by self -tapping screws to the lags. The main difficulty is that many small details are used here to maintain the correct shape.

If there is any hearth inside the pergola, then the roof must be treated with a stain. No need to be afraid of a fire, there is no such traction in the arch as in the stove. The heat dissipates and blows through the wooden bars of the pergola. Therefore, you need to protect those who are inside the pergola from hot flame, especially if the side wind blows. To do this, you need to overtake Pergola with a wooden wall, it will serve for those who sit and a back. From the bench, let her protrude a meter, so she will be slightly above the head of the one who sits on the bench.

Before mounting the wall, it is necessary to mount the transverse beams between the supports, so the wall will be more stable. Furniture corners can be used for these purposes. The transverse beam should be installed above the benches, in the place where sitting people rely on the wall. To make the wall look more aesthetically pleasing, you can make its upper part a non -standard shape.

How to put a back correctly

1. For the upholstery of the back, you need to take boards, the length of which is 15 cm. With this length, drafts will not penetrate from below.
2. The boards should not touch the earth, otherwise they will rot and they will have to be changed soon.
3. The boards need to be treated so that the surface is smoothed, and there are no unnecessary gaps.
4. Between the boards you need to leave a short distance, this is necessary so that the air inside the pergola circulates. In addition, boards tend to expand in the rain. And if you do not withstand the distance between them, they are very quickly deformed and crack.
5. To beat the boards, you need to take the finish nails. Their hats must be drowned in boards as deep as possible. Now you can start painting.
6. So that rainwater is not absorbed into the wood, you need to carefully paint the upper ends.

Around the pergola, you can plant a lawn, and the structure itself is usually lined with curly plants. To make the plants more conveniently to weave along the pergola, in its windows they have a grid with large cells, you can in the form of a web.

Decoration of pergola

The finished pergola needs to be decorated. There are several options:

• To decorate the pergola with eastern tubes, which, with each gust of wind, emit the most delicate melody. You can fulfill the entire pergola in the oriental style.
• The main support should be decorated with a weather vane, it will not only fulfill its main function - show the direction of the wind, but also scare away the birds. Because birds are big lovers to sit on the pergola, and can very spoil the appearance of the structure.
• Next to the pergola you can equip the pool, then this place will definitely become a favorite vacation spot in summer days and evenings.

• Inside the pergola, you can put a sofa or bench, put pillows, make yourself a full place for relaxation.
• If after all the scenery it seems to you that the pergola still looks poor, arrange garden figures next to her, it is good if they are in the same style with the whole garden and the structure itself.

Plants for pergola

Initially, pergola was built so that plants that could not grow under the straight rays of the sun had good protection. Over the years, people began to add new elements to the standard type of pergool and decorate with different colors. So the wooden pergola became the favorite element of the garden design among many peoples, after it is built, they convene friends to admire, and the photos are boasted. And the plants, as they grow, modify its appearance.
Before buying seedlings, you need to calculate how the plants will be planted, taking into account their color scheme and growth manners.

When choosing greens, you need to adhere to such principles:

1. Liana and climbing plants should be in the last way.
2. On average - greens having medium height.
3. And ahead of them to grow in the ground or stunted.

Be sure when planting plants, it is necessary to take into account their photosensitivity so that those that love the shadow do not be in the sun and vice versa. Here are a few examples of greenery that is suitable for planting near pergola:

1. Hop.
2. Wild grapes.
3. The rose is curling.
4. Ordinary fruit grapes.
5. Kirkazon.
6. Honeysuckle.
7. Clematis.

These perennial plants can be alternated with annuals, fit well into the overall picture:

1. Sweet pea.
2. The beans are curling.
3. Lagenaria.
4. Nasturtium.

To plant plants is another half, the main thing is to carefully care for them. Near the frame, curly bushes are planted, with the growth of their branches and trunks, they are tied, then they are cut to betray the necessary shape. But whatever plants you choose, you need to remember that pergola is not a seasonal decoration of the garden, and it should look worthy at any time of the year.