Waterproofing of construction seams

The construction of any structure is not without construction seams. Such joints are a "weak place", i.e. Can pass moisture and air flow. To avoid these phenomena and provides for waterproofing of construction seams.

These are a number of events aimed at making a waterproof structure. This process is simply indispensable in the construction of basins and other tanks, as well as blunt structures. Of great importance is waterproofing and in the construction of residential and industrial buildings.

Today, waterproofing is made by various methods depending on the defining conditions.

Factors that should be considered when choosing a method of waterproofing of seams of building structures

1. Seam type according to the degree of mobility (movable and fixed).
2. The value of the alleged load.
3. Periodicity of exposure.
4. The presence or absence of influence of aggressive chemical environments.
5. The maximum and minimum temperature and the scale of its drops.
6. The humidity of the soils on which the construction is located.
7. Seam location and availability.
8. Structure of the structure and quality of building raw materials.
9. The nature of the work (creating a fresh seam or its reconstruction).
10. Desired characteristics (aesthetics, waterproofability, increasing service life, etc.).
11. Budget events and terms of its implementation.

Waterproofing protection of seams of concrete, brick and stone structures

Basic methods and elements for waterproofing of construction seams

1. Using swelling cords.

Such seams are of different origin:

• acrylate;
• bentonite;
• from hydrophilic rubber.

Dignity

• easy installation;
• are suitable for processing communication inputs and seams of concreting;
• they are applicable for both the device of reservoirs and isolation of blunting structures;
• excellent exploited in conditions of constant humidity.

disadvantages

• the need to comply with the minimum time interval between the styling of the cord in the seam and its subsequent concreting;
• suitable only for sealing fresh seams of new buildings;
• not used for processing deformation seams;
• with full drying, the cords decrease in volume;
• do not like rigid and salty water, as well as temperatures below 0 ° C;
• bentonite clay cords are not designed for high pressure;
• the thickness of the walls of the structures at which these cords can be used is strictly limited (up to 20 cm).

2. Using the key (profiles) during concreting.

Dignity

• withstand high pressure;
• applicable in the construction of new buildings, and when processing deformation seams with displacements;
• wide selection of various options.

disadvantages

• the processing of seams of ready-made structures is difficult (but it is possible!);
• with enhanced water pressure, small leaks may occur.

3. The use of ribbons and profiles that are attached to the finished construction (using glue or clamps).

Dignity

• well established itself under the conditions of the clamping water;
• allow you to get an ideal waterproof seam;
• can be used at a low thickness of walls of building structures.

disadvantages

• for high-quality installation, it is necessary to eliminate the inflow of water at the time of insulation;
• tapes can not be glued on the outside of the tanks and on the inside of the shredded structures;
• the gluing surface must be carefully prepared;
• complex installation process.

4. Injection into the cavity of the seam of polymer hardening resins, such as:

• acrylic;
• polyurethane;
• epoxy.

Dignity

• the ability to achieve a high degree of waterproof of seams;
• versatility (suitable for both repair and work with new structures; both for tanks and for the blunt structures);
• does not stop the flow of water during the installation.

disadvantages

• the method in pure form is not suitable for processing deformation seams;
• there is a limitation on the thickness of the walls of the structures.

This process is often carried out using the installation at the construction stage of special injects.

5. Zackecking with rigid mixtures (non-changing or expanding), such as cement.

Dignity

• universality (suitable for the repair of old seams, and for processing new construction joints; and for tanks, and for blunting structures).

disadvantages

• not suitable for moving seams.

6. The use of elastic polymer sealants.

Dignity

• sealing seams with a changing cross section and incorrect contours are possible.

disadvantages

• it is not suitable for use at high water pressure in wide seams;
• sealants do not withstand constant contact with water.

But it should be noted that none of the above elements is applied to waterproofing as an independent means. It is almost always more appropriate to use a complex of several such components. The effectiveness of such a complex depends on the proper selection of means and materials for waterproofing, taking into account the goals and operating conditions. Recommend the only universal combination is impossible because the initial data is always different. And, therefore, to solve the problem you need to approach individually. It is just necessary to take into account the technical characteristics of each method of waterproofing and features of the seams.

Waterproofing with their own hands

How to make waterproofing interpanel seams

1. Clean the seam from the garbage, the residues of building materials or traces of old isolation (in case of repair).
2. Carefully process the internal seam of the water-repellent primer to improve the adhesive characteristics of the surface.
3. Wait for complete drying.
4. Treat the seam by construction foam or isolate them with other polyethylene gaskets.
5. Apply over seam sealant or mastic using a spatula or gun. At the same time, follow the seam to be concave, and not convex.
6. In the case of working with outer seams, a protective tape is sampled.

How to produce waterproofing deformation seams

The purpose of such seams is to reduce the impact on the temperature differences and manifestations of seismic activity. For waterproofing, these seams traditionally use crushed stone and bitumen.

1. Conduct such waterproofing on a dry season.
2. Before starting work, maximize the walls in the joints of the joints.
3. Push up in the seam dry rubble thin layer.
4. On top of the rubble, pour bitumen so as to fill all empties.
5. Repeat the last two manipulations until the seam is fully filling.

Today, the newest gel-forming materials have already been widespread. They devoid protecting moisture from the population even with the failure of the "Wayless Sewage" condition.