Wooden roof. Manufacture and installation of a fight

Natural materials have long been used for the manufacture of roofs. For example, for this purpose, such species of wood as oak, beech, spruce, larch and Canadian cedar are used. Roofing materials made of wood are differently called in various peoples: fights, gont, shindel, shingalas. Let us consider in more detail how the wooden roof is made with your own hands from a fight.

How a wooden fight is produced

Dranka for the roof is made of coniferous wood of the best quality, namely such breeds as a Canadian cedar, oak and Siberian larch. This material is produced in the form of wooden plates. Moreover, they are made manually.

Types of fights:

1. Pilled.
2. Chopped.
3. Mosaic.

In order to increase the life, the material is impregnated with special environments. At the same time, he acquires a certain shade.

Characteristics of the material

1. Dranka is well suited as a roofing coating for roofs, which are exposed to low temperatures, harsh climate and a large amount of snow. This material can be successfully used on roofs that have a curved shape. The number of layers laid depends on the purpose of the building. A multi -layer coating of fights creates a waterproof and dense layer on complex roofs.
2. The roof of shingles differs from roofs from other roofing materials with properties and styling technology. Tiles of fights are usually laid like scales in a spruce bump. They swell under the influence of high humidity or precipitation, which increases in size. Thanks to this, the material on the roof is closed. When the plates dry out, they rise in a dome, so accumulated moisture is removed from under the roof.
3. In a house with a roof covered with this roofing material, it is not hot in summer. This is achieved due to the fact that the wooden surface does not transmit heat, which can not be said about metal and tiles.
4. Thanks to the embossed structure of the outer surface, the under -wrapping space is protected from rain noise, hail and gusty wind.
5. Dranke plates, like any natural material, can breathe. Therefore, roof ventilation is carried out naturally. In order for the supporting structure to last longer, it is recommended to create a roof according to the Dranka-River scheme, as a result of which an additional ventilated gap is formed.

Methods for making fights

Wooden tiles are thin plates with a width of 80 to 160 millimeters, 350-450 millimeters long and about 308 millimeters thick. For the manufacture of this roofing material, various wood species are used. For example, a pine, aspen, larch and spruce is suitable. The most important thing is that the source material for the fight has an even barrel without knots.

It is best to harvest material in spring, summer and autumn. For the production of fights, churbachki with a cut core is usually used. They are first split into two or four parts, the core is cut down, and the part that remains should be split into thin plates called sores called. So that the roof does not rot too quickly, it is important to remove the bark from the blocks before work.

To make a machine for the production of shingles you need:

1. Take a log about 3-4 meters long and an average of 140 millimeters with a diameter. Drill at a distance of 200 millimeters from the end a hole with a diameter of 3 millimeters.
2. Insert a special metal shkvoren into the hole, the length of which should be such that before the start of work it is possible to carefully fix the log in a wooden block.
3. One meter from the end with a hole, fix the knife-slop along the log about 600 millimeters along the log. The angle should be such that it is possible to remove the required thickness from the shock detector.
4. At the second end of the log, a handle for moving about 400 millimeters long should be driven.

The advantages of shingles

1. The roof remains sealed for a long time.
2. Harmony of the material with the environment.
3. Light weight.
4. Environmental friendliness.
5. During installation, there is practically no waste.
6. Static voltage does not accumulate in the coating.
7. Condensation is not formed under the plates.
8. The material is resistant to sharp temperature differences, wind and precipitation.
9. It can be successfully used at temperatures from +40 to -70 degrees Celsius.

How the roof of a fight is arranged

1. The weight of a wooden roof of fights is relatively small compared to roofs made of other materials.
2. The flooring is produced both in a continuous and rare crate. For him, bars are usually taken with a thickness of 60 millimeters. At the same time, the distance between the bars and the four -layer coating is about 250 millimeters.
3. The flooring of this roofing material is usually performed directly towards the ridge. For the first and second layer, it is best to use shortened plates. For the first layer, their upper end is fixed to the bar, and the bottom to the board.
4. The material is attached using 50 mm nails. This is enough for them to go through the previous layer.

The main nodes of a wooden roof:

1. Roofing slopes - inclined surfaces.
2. Skates - formed by the adjoining of slopes and are the upper longitudinal ribs.
3. Rub Skat is a corner that performs at the intersection.
4. Increteblock - the intersection of roof slopes (concave part).
5. Curnosis (overhang) - part of the roof that protrudes beyond the perimeters of the structure itself.
6. The pediment overhang is an inclined part of the roof over the wall.
7. Distribution pipes and gutter.
8. Chimney.

The circuit of a wooden roof looks like this:

A wooden roof (design) was presented on the diagram.

Installation of a wooden roof

1. It should be noted some features of the manufacture of wooden roofs from a fight. So, for example, it is customary to place the first row of material in such a way that the closure is located about 40 millimeters from the crate from the leeward side. If this is not observed, then the Streha, due to the influence of the external environment, will begin to deform, dry out and blacken prematurely.
2. The crate is arranged from the cornice overhang to the ridge. At the same time, the bars for her are wrapped in two Kanta. After the bar of the crate, along the overhang, the board is usually attached. Each bar is clung at the intersection with a rafter beam.
3. Such roofing material as fights is laid using boards. Moreover, one of them is needed to install the main material. Other bars will be required to hold the guide. In addition, there should be at least a couple of auxiliary boards. It is on them that when laying tiles, the shingles will move along the guides.
4. For installation of a three -layer coating, in places of roof descent, instead of bars of tiles of the tiles, fasten the boat to the board about 350 millimeters wide. If a cover of four layers is laid, then the width of the board should be at least 400 millimeters.
5. For the extreme row, it is best to use a board with a width of 100 to 200 millimeters. Boards should be laid under the roof. They usually do not absorb water, if suddenly the sores begin to flow. For this purpose, the material is usually covered in two layers with paint, after which a layer of hot bitumen is still lined.
6. Where roof descents are located, the roofing material usually wears out faster. To strengthen them, on the slopes, increase the coating layer at least twice as much as the thickness of the main flooring. For example, if the main coating consists of two layers, then at least four should be laid on the descent.
7. On the descent, the boards should be laid in such a way that when arranging a three -layer coating of the Dranc is on the same level with the bar of the crate, located above the board. The second flooring of roofing material is strengthened on this bar. Due to which the ranks of the fights are tightly adjacent to each other and to the layers that have already been laid. On a wooden roof made of natural materials, it is best not to arrange mharging. Otherwise, you will have to lay additional labels.

Wooden roof: photo